’ 
628 DUSKY DUCK. 
of them remain during the summer, and breed in sequestered places 
in the marsh, or on the sea-islands of the beach. Thé eggs are eight 
or ten in number, very nearly resembling those of the Dormestic Duck. 
Vast numbers, however, regularly migrate farther north on the 
researches of later ornithologists and travellers have added considerably, and the 
following enumeration of them will serve to fill up the list to last discoveries : — 
y 
Somateria, Leach. 
1. 8. spectabilis, Leach. — King, Eider.— Common to both continents, and 
has much of habits of the Common Eider. One or two specimens have 
heen killed on the northern shores of Great Britain. 
Clangula, Leach. 
2. C. Barrovii, Swain. and Richard.— Rocky Mountain Garrot. See note 
to v. 575 \ : 
Cygnus, Steph. ~ 
Wuson, in his list. of birds, mentions the “Swan ;” but from three species at 
least being natives of the Arctic countries, itts impossible to say whether 
or not he was aware of any distinctions. 
3. C. musicus, Bechst., or Wild Swan.—Inhabits the Arctic circle, whence 
it migrates to both continents. ‘ 
4. C. buccinator, Richardson. — Trumpeter Swan. — Discovered to be unde- 
scribed by Dr. Richardson during the last overland expedition ; distin: 
guished by the bill being entirely black, longer and more depressed than 
in the Common Wild Swan, the tail containing twenty-four feathers, and by 
a difference in the folding of the windpipe. ‘The Doctor remarks, it is the 
most common Swan in the interior of the Fur Countries. It brecds as far 
south as lat. 61 deg., But pemeipelly within the Arctic circle, and in its mi- 
grations generally precedes the Geese a few days. It is to the Trumpeter 
a bulk of the Swan skins imported by the Hudson’s Bay Company 
belong. 
5. C. Bewickii, Yarrel.— Bewick’s Swan.—This bird has lately been dis- 
covered as a migratory visitant to Britain. Dr. Richardson. met with it 
during the last expedition, and remarks —“ This Swan breeds on the sea- 
coast, within the Arctic circle, and is seen in the interior of. the Fur Coun- 
tries, in ils passage only. It makes its appearance among the latest of the 
migratory birds in the spring, while the ‘Trumpeter Swans are, with the 
exception of the Eagles, the earliest.” ; 
Lewis and ‘Clark, Lawson and Hearne, were all aware of the difference 
among the American Swans, but they have never,-till lately, been really 
distinguished and characterized. 1 
Anser, Bechst. 
6. A. albifrons, Bechst.— White-fronted Goose.—Is mentioned by Bona- 
parte, and is introduced in the Northern Zoology. Its breeding places are 
the woody districts skirting the Mackenzie, to the north of the sixty-seventh 
parallel, and also the islands of the Arctic Sea. : 
1. A. segetum, Meyer. —Common Bean Goose. — Inhabiting the more Arctic 
regions. Bonaparte mentions also four additional species as probably ac- 
cidental inhabitants of the United States and the Arctic countries — A. 
cinereus, Meyer. — A. rufescens, Brehm. — A. medius, Temm., and A. ci- 
neraceus, Brehm. : 
Bernicla, Steph. 
8. B. leucopsis, (Anas erythropus, Linn. — A. leucopsis, Temm.) — Inhabit- 
