598 
dose being from two grains to ten in camphor 
water, or even plain water. 
The chronic form of bronchitis will always 
yield, if the dog is young, to careful feeding, 
moderate exercise, and the exhibition of cod-liver 
oil with a mild iron tonic. The exercise, however, 
must be moderate, and the dog kept from the 
water. A few drops to a teaspoonful of paregoric, 
given at night, will do good, and the bowels 
should be kept regular, and a simple laxative pill 
given now and then. 
' Bruises.—Rest, hot fomentations, afterwards 
lead lotion and cooling lotions generally. Arnica 
lotion if bruise be slight. 
Burns and Scalds.—If skin not broken, the ap- 
plication of a little turpentine will take out the 
heat, or carron oil, which is made of lime 
water and oil equal parts. If charring or skin 
broken, the air must be carefully excluded, by 
application of carron oil on linen or rag, a cotton 
wool pad or bandage. If very extusive, stimu- 
lants and laudanum to guard against shock. 
Afterwards dress with boracic ointment. 
Calculus (or Stone in Bladder).—The symptoms 
are frequent straining while making urine, pain- 
ful urination, occasional bleeding, and general 
irritation of the urinary organs and penis. 
Treatment must be palliative; sometimes an 
operation is necessary, but unless the dog be very 
valuable indeed it were less cruel to destroy him. 
The treatment likely to do most good is the 
careful regulation of the bowels, not only by occa- 
sional doses of the mildest aperients—Gregory’s 
powder in the morning, for instance—but by 
moderate exercise and the morning douche, and 
occasional washing to keep the skin clean and 
wholesome. The dog’s kennel must be very clean 
and warm, and ought to have all the fresh air 
possible. 
The focd must be wholesome and nutritious, but 
not stimulating. Avoid flesh, therefore, or give 
it only in very small quantities. 
Small doses of hyoscyamus or opium given as a 
bolus, with extractum taraxaci, will ease the pain, 
or an opium and belladonna suppository will give 
relief. ‘ 
Canker of Mouth.—Vide Mourn. 
Canker of the Ear.—This is a distressing 
chronic inflammation of the ear to which many 
dogs are liable. The inflammation is in the in- 
side or lining membrane of the ear, and often 
causes partial deafness. 
Symptoms and Diagnosis.—The first symptom, 
or sign rather, we see, is the poor animal shaking 
his head, generally to one side, for all the world 
as a dog does who has a flea in his lug. If you 
look into the ear now, you will—but not always, 
as the inflammation may be deep-seated—find 
a little redness. There is also a bad odour. This 
is diagnostic in itself. When the disease is a 
little farther advanced, by gently working the ear 
backwards and forwards, you will hear a crackling 
sound, and the dog will evince some signs either 
of pain or itchiness. 
THE NEW BOOK OF THE DOG. 
When the disease has fairly set in, the symp- 
toms are running of dark matter, mingled with 
cerumen from the ear, frequent head-shakings, 
dulness, capricious appetite, and very often a low 
state of the general health. 
Treatment.—Whenever you find a dog showing 
the first signs of canker, take the case in hand at 
once. Do not begin by pouring strong lotions 
into his ear. The ear is such a very tender organ, 
disease and inflammation are so easily induced 
therein, that harsh interference is positively sinful. 
Begin by giving the dog a dose of some mild 
aperient, either simple castor oil, or, better still, 
from one to four drachms of Epsom salts, with 
quinine in it. Let the dog have good nourishing 
diet, but do not let him over-eat. Let him have 
green, well-boiled vegetables in his food to cool 
him, a nice warm bed, exercise, but not to heat 
him, and try to make him in every way com- 
fortable. Then give him a tonic pill of sulphate 
of quinine, sulphate of iron, and dandelion ex- 
tract. 
Fomentation is all that is needed in the early 
stages. Place cotton wadding gently in each ear, 
lest one drop gets in to increase the irritation; 
then apply your fomentation to both sides of the 
ear at once, using four flannels or four woollen 
socks alternately. A quarter of an hour will be 
long enough each time. But if the dog has been 
neglected in the beginning, and the discharge 
has been allowed to increase and probably be- 
come purulent, then our chance of resolving the 
inflammation has passed, and local applications 
will be needed. 
Previously to pouring in the lotion, be careful 
to wash out the matter from the dog’s ears as 
gently as possible. Purchase half an ounce of the 
red salt called permanganate of potash, dissolve 
this in two pints of water, and pour as much of 
the solution into the warm water you use as will 
redden it. 
We have several astringent lotions for canker. 
The first we should try is the infusion of green 
tea. It should be strong enough to resemble the 
colour of pale brandy, and if it is used lukewarm 
all the better. Then we have a lotion of dried 
alum, from one grain to five, to an ounce of dis- 
tilled water; or nitrate of silver, sulphate of 
copper, or sulphate of cadmium, which are used 
in the same proportions. Lastly, but not least, 
we have the liquor flumbdi subacetatis, ten to 
twenty drops to an ounce of water, to which a 
little glycerine may be added, but greasy mix- 
tures should, I think, be avoided. 
The canker cap may be used, but not con- 
stantly, as it heats the head too much and adds 
to the trouble. 
Cataract (an eye disease).—In one or both 
eyes. A speck on the pupil, or in young dogs 
the whole pupil may be covered. The case may 
be taken to a vet., but in old dogs it is usually 
a hopeless case. Good feeding for old dogs, 
but no pampering. Meat daily, and not too much 
starchy food. 
