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it torn in the bush or in fighting. This yields 
readily to washing with permanganate of potash 
lotion, and the application of zinc ointment or 
Zam-Buk. A stitch or two if much cut, and anti- 
septic dressings. 
Eczema. Vide SKIN DISEASES. 
Emaciation.—Always a bad sign, but taken by 
itself it is not diagnostic. Very rapid in some 
fevers, such as distemper, more slow in kidney 
or liver ailments and in worms. It is, however, 
not a good thing to conclude quickly that a dog 
has worms or anything else, such as nephritis. A 
skilled vet. should examine very carefully. 
Enteritis. Vide BOWELS, INFLAMMATION OF. 
Enemas.—Sometimes given for the relief of 
great constipation. The syringe should be the 
ordinary balloon-shape and proportioned to the 
size of the dog, holding from two ounces to a pint. 
Warm soapy water is as good as anything, but 
see that the syringe is completely filled, else air 
will be thrown up. Oil both the anus and the tube, 
and aftcr the operation keep the dog at rest on 
straw for some little time until the matter is likely 
to be softened. Warm olive oil, or glycerine and 
water, is sometimes used. You do not require so 
much, but in all cases the syringe must be full. 
Epilepsy. Vide Firs. 
Eyeball, Dislocation of.—First clean the eye 
with lukewarm water and very soft sponge, 
simply squeezing the water over it, freeing it from 
all dirt. Then the eyelids must be held widely 
apart by an assistant while you exert gentle but 
firm pressure with clean, oiled fingers, and the 
eyeball will slip back into its place. But this 
must be done at once, or much mischief will 
ensue. 
Eye Diseases.—See AMAUROSIS ; CATARACT. 
Eyes: Disease of the Haws.—These get red, 
enlarged, and hardened. They may sometimes 
curl outwards. Very unsightly, and if persistent 
must be cut, but only a vet. can do this safely. 
This trouble with the haw is more common among 
Bloodhounds, Newfoundlands, Pugs, and Bulls. 
Eyes, Inflammation of.—However caused, this 
must be treated on general principles. If acute 
the animal should be kept for some days in a 
darkened room, and as much at rest as possible. 
Low diet, milk, beef-tea or Bovril, and slcps. 
Spratts’ invalid food and invalid biscuits after the 
inflammation has subsided. Bowels to be opened 
with the castor-oil and syrup of buckthorn mixture, 
and kept open with a little raw liver. Bathing 
thrice daily, or oftener, with cold water, will do 
good, and after a few days use eye-drops, put in 
with a camel-hair brush (1 grain of sulphate of 
zinc to 1 ounce of water, or 3 grains of powdered 
alum to the same quantity. A borax eye-wash 
might be used, or a grain of nitrate of silver to 
the ounce of water). 
In convalescence feed well and often. A little 
raw meat, soup, milk, eggs, and Virol. No cod- 
liver oil; this is apt to disagree, especially with 
Toy dogs. Don’t expose to high winds or wet for 
some weeks. 
THE NEW BOOK OF THE DOG. 
Eyes, Sore.—The trouble is generally in the 
eyelids, which may be ulcerated. The eyes them- 
selves are congested and the lids sometimes 
swollen, and matter discharges. Give purgatives, 
lessen diet, no dainties. A little citrine ointment 
or lanoline, to prevent eyes sticking together, and 
during the day eye-drops. 
Eyes, Weeping.—A vet. only should see and 
treat, else an abscess may form, as the ducts are 
generally closed up. These ducts are called the 
lachrymal, and convey the tears from the inner 
canthuses to the interior of the nose. 
Feet, Sore.—Perfect cleanliness, washing every 
night. Clean bed, after anointing with Zam-Buk. 
If sores around the nails, dog to wear socks. Zinc 
or alum or borax lotion. Cleanliness to be 
thorough. Sock not too hot. 
Fits.— Whatever be the cause, they are very 
alarming. In puppies they are called CONVUL- 
SIONS, and resemble epileptic fits. Keep the dog 
very quiet, but use little force, simply enough to 
keep him from hurting himself. Keep out of the 
sun, or in a darkened room. When he can 
swallow give from 2 to 20 grains (according to 
size) of bromide of potassium in a little camphor 
water thrice daily for a few days. Only milk 
food. Keep quiet. 
The Epileptic fit, common after distemper, is 
easily known. Sudden attack, the dog falls, and 
is unconscious, with frothing at mouth and 
champing of the jaws. — 
Treatment.Just keep him quiet and prevent 
his injuring himself. A whiff or two of chloro- 
form if it continues long. Then the same treat- 
ment as for puppies in fits, but the dose to be 
bigger. No occasion for alarm, but the medicine 
must be continued for weeks. Afterwards give 
from a quarter to a whole tablet of Phosferine 
thrice daily. Great care in diet is needed, and 
this should never be too stimulating, but nourish- 
ing and simple. 
Fleas. — Washing with Spratts’ medicated soap. 
Extra clean kennels. Dusting with Keating, and 
afterwards washing. This may not kill the fleas, 
but it drives them off. Take the dog on the 
grass while dusting, and begin along the spine. 
Never do it in the house. 
Foods for Sick Dogs.—Do not cram the dog 
if possible. A spoonful taken naturally is better 
than ten forced. The latter exhausts the dog and 
worries him terribly. Little and often should 
be the rule. Milk diet ranks highest, but it should 
have eggs in it and not be too sweet. Rabbit or 
chicken broth, with the meat finely cut up. Liver 
boiled is a dainty that few dogs refuse, but it is 
to be used with caution. Grilled sweetbreads. 
For Toy dogs the milk should be peptonised 
(Fairchild’s—any chemist). Robinson’s patent 
barley. Fish, but not the oily kinds. Raw meat 
minced and without the fat in early convalescence. 
Bovril also; then Virol to pick up the streneth 
and substance, and Spratts’ invalid food and the 
invalid biscuits. If one rings the changes on all 
