TREES HAVING SIMPLE LEAVES 95 
elm may be said to represent New England character, 
— dignified, sturdy, graceful, and refined. Being tall, 
with foliage well up, the general shape of the tree gives 
the desired shade, yet does not obstruct the view; while 
its stately dignity gives an air of comfort and repose to 
the grounds, which it seems to protect from the elements. 
Its wood is valuable for certain kinds 
of work, being tough and strong, but it 
is not suitable for cabinetwork, as it is 
difficult to polish. It is used consider- 
ably for wheel hubs and in cooperage. 
Observe the edge of the elm leaf 
carefully. The teeth not only curve 
gracefully toward the extreme tip of 
the leaf, but they are themselves also 
toothed, a form known as double- 
toothed. The leaf is coarse and rough 
to the touch, in marked contrast to the P16. 104. Leaf of 
American Elm 
birch family, whose leaves it slightly 
resembles. There are several elms famous in the his- 
tory of our country. At Cambridge is the old elm under 
which George Washington drew his sword and took com- 
mand of the American Army on July 38,1775; there are 
several other “ Washington Elms” 
the country, while New Haven is known as the City of 
Elms. William Penn made his famous treaty with the 
in different parts of 
