4 Harry C. Schmeisser. 
He likewise examined the material from two additional cases of 
lymphadenoid tumors of the fowl. One proved to be of the aleukemic 
type, as described by Butterfield ; the other was of the leukemic form, 
as described above. The histological picture, apart from the increase 
of white cells in the blood-vessels in the one case, was identical in 
both cases and also with that in the cases given above (Butterfield’s, 
Mohler’s and Warthin’s). From these cases Warthin concludes, there- 
fore, that there occurs in the common fowl a condition of disseminated 
lymphocytoma, sometimes aleukemic, at other times associated with 
an increase of the white cells of the blood, this increase consisting in 
the appearance of great numbers of cells of the large lymphocyte type 
and apparently identical with the lymphoid cells of the tumor nodules. 
He also regards the aleukeemic and leukemic conditions as genetically 
related, if not actually one and the same process in different stages. 
Both conditions, he thinks, are in all respects analogous to the similar 
ones existing in man. 
The preceding cases appear to be very similar to those reported by 
later investigators and designated by them as splenomedullary in 
type. 
Kon * in 190%, after the appearance of Warthin’s article, reported 
what he considers a true case of leukemic disease of the chicken. 
The gross and microscopical changes, which were studied and reported 
in great detail, are in general identical with those of the cases above. 
In addition, he found giant cells, though only a few, in the bone- 
marrow, and mitoses in the basophiles as well as in the eosinophiles 
in the kidneys. Because of the lack of smears, he determined the 
ratio W/R and made differential counts from sectioned blood-vessels 
of the liver. He found that the white cells, as compared with the 
reds, were greatly increased and that the large mononuclear was the 
predominating cell of the whites. Mitoses of this cell were observed. 
The evidence given, he thinks, is sufficient to consider this a case of true 
leukemia. Because of the enormous swelling of the spleen and the 
plentiful occurrence of the characteristic cell in the pulp of the normal 
spleen and to a lesser degree in the normal bone-marrow, and in the 
absence of lymphatic swelling and the occurrence of this cell in the nor- 
mal lymph tissue, it seems to him most likely that this is a case of true 
“ splenic leukemia.” 
Soshestrenski,” in May, 1908, reported a case of spontaneous 
leukemia of the fowl, very similar to the case described by Kon. 
