INTRODUCTION TO CETPTOGAMIG BOTANr. 457 



p. 452. There are two distinct sections, in one of wLich the 

 leaves are simply folded, as in Scapania ; in the other, the 

 dorsal lobe is often less, and placed upon the back of the 

 inferior lobe. The involucre varies in character, being some- 

 times tubular, sometimes foliose. In S. piwriatifoUa and 

 lamellata the upper part of each half leaf is pinnatifid. 

 Mitten puts them rightly amongst the incubous species ; and 

 the correctness of this view is confirmed by Physiotium,, with 

 which they agree in habit. 



12. TRiCHOMANOiDEiE, Nees, JEndl. 



Fruit hypogenous, sessile or seated on a ventral branchlet ; 

 perianth mostly present ; sporangium split to the base ; leaves 

 incubous, seldom auriculate. 



502. This is the last tribe of the incubous leaved Junger- 

 Tnannice, far the greater part of which are extra- European. 

 The large genus Lepidozia, for instance, has but two, and 

 Mastigobryum the same number of European representatives. 

 Many, however, descend to the southern regions. They are 

 principally distinguished by their hypogenous fruit, which 

 rises at once from the stem or from a short branchlet. Fhy- 

 siotiuin and Micropterygium have little lobes ; the greater 

 part of the species have simple leaves. The branches often 

 end in flagelliform elongations, like those of Sendtnera. Phy- 

 siotium cochleariforme, which grows in turfy spots in alpine 

 districts, is one of our finest species, but it rarely bears fruit. 

 P. sphagnoides, a magnificent form, has quite the habit of 

 Gottschea. Micropterygium has keeled leaves, but the cha- 

 racter is scarcely conspicuous in M. nutans* (Fig. 96, c). 

 Mastigobryum^ exhibits various forms of leaves, frequently 

 notched or emarginate above (Fig. 96, a) ; the stipules are 

 sometimes continuous with the leaves. Lepidozia is distin- 

 guished from this principally by the greater division of the 

 leaves (Fig. 96, b) and plicate calyptra. L. reptans and a 

 closely allied species are the only British species. Galypogeia 



* I do not find tlie leaves bifid ia specimens from the Hookerian 

 Herbarium ; and since tbey are not constantly so, the characters of the 

 plant approach still nearer to Micropterygium, in which Mitten places 

 it, instead of Mastigobrt/um. 



