,88 . Jaws of Drone and Worker. 



larva and the entire food of the queen larva. The others, 

 he thinks, are to secrete a digestive juice. His admirable 

 figures and observations seem to give much force to his 

 opinions. He also figures another pair of glands at the 

 base of the mandibles which he thinks aid digestion. 



The jaws (Pig. 24, c) are very strong, without the rudi- 

 mentary tooth, while the cutting edge is semi-conical, so 

 that when the jaws are closed they form an imperfect 

 cone. Thus these are -well formed to cut comb, knead 

 wax, and perform their various functions. Their eyes 

 (Fig. 5) are like those of the queen, while their wings, like 

 those of the drones, attain the end of the body. These 

 organs (Fig. 3), as in all insects with rapid flight, are slim 

 and strong, and, by their more or less rapid vibrations, 

 give the variety of tone which characterizes their hum. 

 Thus we have the rapid movements and high pitch of 

 anger, and the slow motion and mellow note of content 

 and joy. 



Fig. 24. 



i— Jaw of drone. b— Jaw of queen. e— Ja w of worker. 



On the outside of the posterior tibia and basal tarsus 

 is a cavity, made more deep by its rim of hairs, known 

 as the pollen basket (Fig. 25, p). In these pollen bas- 

 kets is compacted the pollen, which is gathered by the 

 mouth organs, and carried back by the four anterior legs. 

 Opposite the pollen baskets are regular rows of golden 

 hairs (Fig, 26, e), which probably aid in storing and 

 compacting the pollen balls. 



On the anterior legs of bees, between the tibia and tar- 

 sus, is a curious notch (Fig. 27, C) covered by a spur — 

 Fig. 27, B. I have found this in nearly all Hymenoptera. 

 except the saw-flies, where it is very abortive it preseni at 

 all. This is principally used in cleaning the antennae, as ) 

 is easily proved by dusting these organs with chalk, pol- 

 len, etc. This cleaning of the antennae is best studied 

 by observing wasps. After scraping off the antennae the 



