30 THE MANAGEMENT AND DISEASES OF THE DOG. 



of the tubes is produced, hence the affection is known by the 

 names of parasitic or verminous bronchitis, popularly called 

 ' husk ' or ' hoose.' It is not altogether unknown in man, but 

 very few instances are on record. Infesting the domestic ani- 

 ' mals there are three well-recognized species of strongylus ; the . 

 S. filaria of the sheep and goat ; S. paradoxus of the pig ; and 

 S. micrurus of the calf, more rarely of the horse and iass. In 

 calves and lambs parasitic bronchitis often constitutes a seri- 

 ous and fatal epidemic, so much so that in the latter it goes 

 by the name of the lamb disease. So far as I know, no epi- 

 demic of the kind has been noticed in Canada. The species I 

 have here described differs in several particulars from either 

 of the above mentioned, and is most probably new to science. 



" The origin of the epidemic must, I am afraid, like that 

 of so many other diseases, remain obscure. We have abso- , 

 lutely nothing to aid us in forming an opinion on the subject, 

 There had been no change in the locality nor in the food. The 

 straw upon which the dogs slept was of the ordinaiy kind, and 

 the usual attention had been paid to changing it and also to' 

 the general sanitary condition of the place. The disease broke 

 put, too, during a spell of very severe weather, when the food 

 left in the pans froze quickly. The course of the epidemic 

 was short, lasting between six and seven weeks, a sufficient 

 time, however, to destroy almost all the pups in the kennels. 



" The mode of invasion in parasitic disease of the bron- 

 chial tubes has been, and still is, a matter of much dispute, 

 some observers maintaining that ' the ova and young parasites 

 taken up with the food in the first-place gain access from the 

 alimentary canal to the circulation ;' others hold the view 

 that they pass directly from the mouth to the trachea, or that 

 the ova are inhaled by the breath. The former view is the 

 one most generally entertained, and it is urged in its favor 

 that the presence of the worms has been determined in the 

 cavities of the heart and in the blood-vessels, as well as in the 

 intestines. Now, in the epidemic under consideration, I think 

 this view does not meet the case. Supposing the young em- 



