DISEASES OF THE BOWELS. 83 



is advisable. If the liver is inactive, the aloetic aperient with 

 calomel is most suitable ; while, if there is a relaxed system 

 with dyspepsia, iron and cod-liver oil is indicated. 



With regard to local treatment, iced water, or the direct 

 application of ice affords considerable relief. If the piles are 

 internal and attended with haemorrhage, recourse to astrin- 

 gents will be necessary, and I know of none better than alum, 

 either in solution and injected, or the powder made into a 

 paste with flour and water and gently inserted. A portion of 

 ice may also, with benefit and ease to the patient, be intro- 

 duced into the rectum and allowed to melt there. 



When there is considerable pain without haemorrhage, and 

 the rectum is tumefied, leeches may be conveniently and 

 advisably applied to the parts. Pain, with internal haemor- 

 rhage, is best relieved by the addition of a grain of opium to 

 the astringent paste or injection.* 



When obstinate constipation prevails, an enema of olive-oil 

 is most suitable for faciliating the faecal evacuation, and with 

 less pain than with any other form of evacuation. 



Tumors, external or internal, should be removed by liga- 

 ture, the animal being under the influence of chloroform. The 

 .ultimate sore to be treated according to circumstances. 



Foetor may be counteracted by the application if external, 

 or the injection if internal, of a weak solution of chloride of 

 zinc. 



PROLAPSUS ANI. 



This condition of the rectum often occurs in aged dogs 

 which are overfed, have but little exercise, and whose bowels 

 are either continually constipated or relaxed. It is generally 

 a protrusion or eversion of the mucous membraiie pf the rectum 

 rather than the rectum itself. 



* A drachm each of tannin and opium, with an ounce of lard, maizes 

 an excellent ointment for pile§ in itfig&.-r-FMay Dun. 



