DISEASES OF THE URINARY ORGANS 107 



Treatment. — This must be purely antiphlogistic* Leeches 

 to the loins at the onset are attended with considerable ben- 

 efit. These may be followed by warm fomentations, linseed- 

 meal or mustard poultices, and opiate enemas. Constipation 

 should be relieved at the commencement with castor-oil. 

 Frequent draughts of mucilaginous fluids should be given, as 

 barley-water, solution of gum-arabic, or linseed-tea. 



The patient must be kept perfectly quiet, and except most 

 moderate exercise, all exertion for some considerable time 

 after recovery should be avoided. 



HEMATURIA, 



Signifying bloody urine, is occasionally observed in canme 

 practice. 



Causes. — External violence across the loins, as falls, 

 bruises, undue strain on the part or parts immediately con- 

 nected with the kidneys ; it also frequently occurs from cal- 

 culi, either renal, cystic, or urethral, which, through impeding 

 the flow of urine, set up inflammatory action, or by their ir- 

 regular edges wound the inner coat of the part in Which they 

 may be located, and thus cause the discharge of blood. 



Symptoms. — Pain in voiding urine, tenderness and heat in 

 the renal region of the loins. Blood maybe discharged with- 

 out urination, during urination, or subsequent to it, each being 

 dependent upon the seat of haemorrhage. 



Miller, in his "Practice of Surgery," observes : "The 

 renal source of the haemorrhage is known by the blood being 

 diffused equally through the urine ; by the expelled fluid con- 

 taining cylindrical portions of fibrine, like small worms, the 

 result of coagula in the ureter — sometimes colorless, some- 

 times of a pale pink hue j by the appearance of blood being 

 preceded and accompanied by pain and heat in the loins, and 



* Small doses of the potassio-.ta^tr^te q£ antimony are very useful 

 { Gamgee). 



