110 THE MANAGEMENT AND DISEASES OF THE DOG. 



oxalate of lime, was found in the pelvis of the kidney. The 

 kidney itself was increased in size fourfold, the mucous mem- 

 brane covered with ecchyraoses, and the walls of the bladder 

 thickened. — Moore. 



A case of renal calculi, received from Mr. Clark, of Isling- 

 ton, is mentioned in the Veterinarian, March, 1869. " No 

 history of the case was given, but the morbid specimen is in 

 itself of considerable interest. In both kidneys there are 

 several small calculi, the largest of the size of a horse-bean, 

 lodged in the pelvic cavities." 



Treatment. — This consists chiefly in palliative measures. 

 Opiates may be given when pain is present j the patient may 

 also be placed in a hot bath, or counter-irritation applied to 

 the loins. Mild diuretics and laxatives encourage the descent 

 of the calculi, as also do mucilaginous drinks and sharp 

 exiercise. 



CYSTITIS, 



Or inflammation of the bladder, is. occasionally met with in 

 canine practice. 



Causes. — -Mechanical injuries, chronic inflammation of the 

 kidneys, or stricture of the urethra, local irritation from the 

 presence of calculi, worms, or the administration of can- 

 tharides or turpentine, blows, falls, or crushes on a distended 

 bladder, etc. 



Symptoms. — Considerable uneasiness, with symptoms of 

 colic. The animal frequently looks towards the flanks, which 

 are exceedingly tender on both sides ; the urine is voided 

 sparingly and with great pain, it may be clear and high-color- 

 ed, clouded and thick, bloody, or mingled with mucus and 

 pus. Considerable sympathetic fever is present, and fre- 

 quently vomiting, and obstinate constipation. There is intense 

 thirst throughout. 



Mr. Youatt, in writing on this subject, observes : " Inflam- 

 mation of the bladder is of frequent occurrence in the dog ; It 



