I,l8 THE MANAGEMENT AND DISEASES OF THE DOG. 



fluid was taken.from the, bladder, and set aside for further ex- 

 amination. The most remarkable feature of the morbid 

 changes was the existence of a large number of small calculi, 

 varying in size from a pin'spoint to a large pea, principally 

 clustered in, the neck of the bladder, which was quite blackin 

 color, on account of the quantity of effused blood in the sub-, 

 mucous tissues. In the urethral canal, which was cut open, 

 the lining, membrane was much, congested, but there, was no 

 calculus, excepting, the one to which Mr. Gowing alludes, 

 and which was the direct cause of the fatal; terrnination of the 

 disease. 



^' Microscopic Examination of the Urine, and the Calculous 

 Concretions. — The dark-colored fluid which was removed from, 

 the bladder contained a considerable, quantity of; blood; this 

 was evident at once from the presence of large coagula ; and 

 under the microscope the blood-discs were very abundant; 

 besides these there were epithelial cells, a., quantity of amor^ 

 phous matter, and' some large crystals of triple phosphate. 

 From the result of the microscopic examination of the urine 

 there was good; reason to conclude that the calculi wereprin^ 

 cipally composed of the. triple phosphates; but in order to 

 determine the point some of them were submitted to examin- 

 ation. In form the bodies, were spherical or polygonal, the 

 color nearly white, or light; yellow, the surface, to the unas- 

 sisted: eye, appeared, smopth, but under a magnifying power, 

 of thirty diameters it was irregular, in consequence of numer- 

 ous projecting angles of. crystals, some of which had become 

 rounded off from attrition. The calculi were unacted, upon 

 by water, and also by caustic potash, but dissolved readily in 

 acetic acids, and in the mineral acids ; the addition of a little 

 ammonia to the acid solution caused an abundant white pre- 

 cipitate, which was found; under the microsqope, to consist of 

 phosphate of lime, with stellate crystals of triple phosphate^ 

 It was therefore evident that the concretions consisted of this 

 salt, in combination with phosphate of lime. The causes 

 which led to the deposit are not apparent in the history of 



