DISEASES OF THE URINARY ORGANS. 121 



spines, or spiculated points ; such an arrangement is very 

 unusual. The concretions must have been a source of irrita- 

 tion to the organ, and would account for the pain and diffi- 

 culty of urinating the bitch had experienced for nine months. 



" From the results of many post-mortem examinations, we 

 are led to conclude that cystic calculus in the dog is of much 

 more frequent occurrence than has hitherto been supposed. 



" [Messrs. Gowing and Son forwarded the morbid parts 

 of the bitch for examination. The calculi were so peculiar 

 in form that we deemed them worthy of an illustration. 

 Chemically the concretions are composed of triple phosphate. 

 Physically the prisms are arranged on very fine plates, and 

 stellate masses, as shown in the drawing of one of the cal- 

 culi, magnified five diameters and outlined with the camera. 



cvstic calculus (triple phosphate) from the bladder of a bitch, 

 (magnified five diameters.) 



" A small quantity of the contents of the bladder, having 

 the appearance of pus, was also sent ; the color and consist- 

 ency of the fluid, however, were found under the microscope 

 to depend not upon purulent contamination, but entirely upon 

 the presence of an abundant precipitate of ammonio-magne- 

 sian phosphate, the prismatic crystals of which were very 

 large and well-defined. A quantity of the same deposit cov- 



