INTERNAL PARASITES. (ENTOZOA.) 215 



sected for that purpose ; and Dr. Krabbe obtained it at 

 Copenhagen in 122 instances from the post-mortem examina- 

 tions of 500 dogs. 



According to my own experiences, it occurs in English dogs 

 at the rate of about seventy per cent. Occupying principally 

 the small intestines, but often wandering into the stomach, 

 and occasionally also making its way into the throat and 

 nostril, this parasite is a frequent source of severe intestinal 

 disturbance, sometimes producing even death itself. Cats 

 and dogs alike are constantly throwing them up, and it is a 

 great relief to the host when they are thus dislodged. Their 

 occasional passage by the ordinary outlet is also a matter of 

 common observation ; but it is not so very generally under- 

 stood that these modes of egress are often the result of a 

 voluntary wandering oitthe part of the guest. This is prac- 

 tically of some moment, because it accounts for the circum- 

 stance of their being sometimes found in the nasal passages, 

 and in other unusual situations. 



The formidable nature of the symptoms which may thus 

 be superinduced have been fully indicated in a letter of mine 

 which appeared in the Field for December 21, 1872. Under 

 ordinary circumstances, the symptoms in the dog are those of 

 irregular intestinal action, accompanied with nausea and 

 spasmodic colic, irritation, a voracious appetite, and more or 

 less loss of flesh. In addition, there may be fcetor of the 

 breath, accompanied by a short, husky cough, and an im- 

 poverished state of the coat ; and, either with or without any 

 of these symptoms, there may be more or less paralysis. I 

 may here make mention of an interesting case of paralysis 

 in puppies brought under my notice by Mr. Lewis {Field, 

 December 7, 1872), in which it was instructive to notice how 

 complete a cure followed the administration of a simple 

 aperient drug. Quite recently also a correspondent, vi^riting 

 from Ceylon under the signature of " Veddah," gave a sug- 

 gestive instance where paralysis in dogs seemed to be entirely 

 due to worms {Field, March, 15, p. 238). 



