CHAPTER XXV. 



INTELLECT AND INSTINCT IN BEES. 



Intellect in Man and Animals as related to Immortality — Memory — 

 Judgment — Instances of Attention — Prevision — Provision — Instinct 

 — Manifestations— Bearing on Evolution. 



There has been a singular unwillingness on the 

 part of many religious writers to acknowledge among 

 animals inferior to man the possession of true intel- 

 lectual faculties. This has arisen, partly from the 

 desire to keep man on a pedestal immensely exalted 

 above the rest of the creatures more or less allied to 

 him, and partly from the fear that the concession of 

 high faculties might seem to imply the immortality 

 of all living beings or of none. 



The first of these reasons which have influenced 

 writers may be dismissed with the remark, that the 

 position of superiority which man has held, and more 

 than ever holds, depends, not entirely upon his 

 powers of mind, but upon a combination of faculties, 

 physical, mental, moral, and, above all, spiritual ; so 

 that there need be no grudging of endowments of 

 intellect to other creatures on earth beside ourselves. 

 As to the second point, we see no necessity to con- 

 sider that it supplies a dilemma. Man and all other 



