INTELLECT AND INSTINCT IN BEES. 241 



creature, which have been controlled and modified, 

 and then the tendency to the reproduction of these 

 has been transmitted by heredity. Pure instinct we, 

 therefore, continue to regard as outside the plane of 

 education. 



The faculty as exhibited by bees is most astonish- 

 ing. We have already enumerated many circum- 

 stances, which evidently have had their origin in this 

 power, but we may well recall certain of these in 

 illustration of this point. 



Firstly, then, the shaping of the cells with definite 

 and constantly repeated angles of the sides ; the 

 arrangement of them, so that the base of each is 

 formed by the junction of the bottoms of three cells 

 on the opposite side of the comb ; the preparation of 

 abodes suitable in size, and in other special respects, 

 for the larvae of queens, drones, and workers ; and the 

 careful transition from one to the other of the last 

 two — all these and other circumstances connected 

 with the construction of their dwellings, attest the 

 possession of an innate faculty needing no instruction 

 from the elders of the hive. 



Again, the gathering, in due proportion and ac- 

 cording to varying needs, of honey, pollen, and pro- 

 polis, must be attributed to this same occult endow- 

 ment. The proper admixture of the different kinds 

 of food, adapted to the varying ages of the larvae; the 

 preparation and administration of the " royal jelly," 

 necessary for the development of queen-larvae ; the 

 covering of the cells with waxen lids of different 

 shapes, according to the nature of their contents — 

 convex on the male cells, nearly flat on those of 

 workers, and somewhat concave on the honey stores — 



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