CONTENTS 
CHAPTER I ¥ 
THE GENERAL STRUCTURE OF PLANTS 
PAGE 
Unicellular plants ; zoogonidia, yeasts, bacteria ; multicellular plants ; 
the protoplast, its structure and arrangements; characters of 
protoplasm; nuclei and nucleoli; association of protoplasts in 
colonies ; slime fungi; ccenocytes ; arrangements in multicellular 
plants—Needs of protoplasm; its relation to water ; formation of 
vacuoles ; relation of water to the plant in general ; the aeration of 
protoplasm—Connection of protoplasts with one another in the 
body of the plant . 7 . : ‘ ‘ ‘* ‘ . 1-16 
CHAPTER II x 
THE DIFFERENTIATION OF THE PLANT-BODY 
Division of labour the clue to differentiation of structure—Formation 
of protective tissues: epidermis, cuticle, periderm, bark—System 
of conducting tissues; vascular bundles and their distribution— 
Strengthening tissues: collenchyma and sclerenchyma; the 
different arrangements of them which are met with—The stereome 
of the plant—The metabolic tissues—The arrangements for the 
aeration of the interior; stomata, lenticels ‘ ‘ é . 17-40 
CHAPTER III X 
THE SKELETON OF THE PLANT 
Necessity of a skeleton to support the protoplasts; varieties of the 
skeleton—Development of the skeleton as the plant grows—Charac- 
ters of the cell-wall; cellulose, its properties and reactions ; pectose- 
and related substances—Arrangement of the solid matter and 
the water of the cell-wall: hypotheses of Naegeli, Strasburger, and 
Wiesner—Differentiation of the substance of thickened cell-walls ; 
