CHEAP FRUIT TREES. 23 
about each individual tree of his lower grades. The 
lower grades contain his odds and ends—trees with 
gnarly trunks, those whose tops have been broken and 
sprouts trained up in their places, those with one-sided 
roots and weak growth. The orchardist cannot afford to 
buy them. They prove expensive in the end. It requires 
too much time and trouble to train them. In the 
case above mentioned the tops had to be cut from about 
half the trees, and a sprout encouraged. Usually more 
than one sprout started, and the unnecessary ones had to 
be rubbed off several times during the season. There is 
usually a crook where the sprout starts, and the tree does 
not always outgrow it entirely. In some cases all the. 
sprouts started below the bud, and « seedling was the 
result. 
I must not be understood as recommending large and 
stout trees. I only contend for good trees. A thrifty 
, peach tree one year from the bud is old enough for plant- 
ing. It is much better than one three years old. A 
vigorous apple tree two years from the graft or bud is 
preferable to one twice as old. It should be demanded, 
however, that a tree be straight, vigorous, clean, and that: 
it should have abundant and symmetrical roots. 
