88 FIELD NOTES ON APPLE CULTURE, 
Low trees give as many wind-falls as high ones. The 
apples on the under side of these low heads are gener- 
allyinferior. They are small, green, speckled and insipid. 
They get little sun, and, in consequence of dampness, 
they mildew. A very low tree is an abomination. I had 
rather have a very high one, if I could not have the 
golden mean. 
It is a difficult matter to train some varieties into a 
a satisfactory head. The Rhode Island Greening is an 
unmanageable grower. At least some of the sorts of 
Greenings are; for Greening, like some other of our 
names, is one which covers a series of very nearly related 
sorts rather than one well-defined variety. Some thirty 
Greenings were trained up to the height of a horse when 
they were young. Until they were fifteen years old they 
were pruned regularly and judiciously, but at the expira- 
tion of that time the lower limbs of twenty of them 
touched the ground. The ten remaining ones continued. 
to hold their limbs horizontally, but in three or four 
years they began to drop. Some of the trees formed a 
perfect arbor, with a cool, still nook around the trunk 
and measuring from fifteen to twenty feet in diameter. 
On younger trees I tried many devices in the way 
of pruning to keep the branches upright, but sooner or 
later, with a few exceptions, their ends went down. A 
few show an upright habit, but I do not believe that they 
are true Rhode Island Greenings. There is no remedy 
for this provoking habit of the branches. The drooping 
can be delayed, and it will be less aggravating when it 
does appear, if the lower branches are made stocky. If 
all the side limbs are cut off for. some distance, and a 
