420 NOTES. 



iZeiUchrift fur wiss. ZooUgie, 1877, v. 27). The recent treatise by 

 Pagenstecher, Ueber die Thiere der Tiefen, also contains a list of blind 

 as well as other deep-sea animals, though in a somewhat difEerent 

 arrangement from that which I have given here. 



Note 20, page 82. The following animals, furnished with well-deve- 

 loped eyes, live in oaves : Macliantes, 7 species (Ooleoptera) ; Antho- 

 miyia, Plim-a (Diptera) ; Sadenoecns, 2 species (Orthoptera) ; Spirostrep- 

 tun, several species in caves (Myriapoda) ; Nestieul, 2 species ; TAny- 

 phia, 3 species (Spiders in the Kentucky caves). Animals having only- 

 rudimentary eyes must be partly included here, A Melania, having eyes 

 I myself found in a cave in the Pelew Isles, and in the same spot was 

 a grasshopper that could see. Also among fishes, Clwlogaxter Agastimi 

 (in Kentucky), Vnibra Oramen (in. subterranean lakes in Austria, 

 according to Schmarda, Geog. der Thiere, i. 13). In the caves of Utah 

 (according to Packard, Bulletin N. S. Geol. and Geog. Sv/ney, iii. 

 1877), a Phalangium— TVe/reas^oma troglodytet — with eyes; aXTnivalye, 

 Hyalina subrupioula; and a Podurida, Tomoeerus plwrnbevi, equally with 

 eyes, are associated with a blind Myriapod, Polydesmus cwrioola. Fries 

 states that the blind Gammarus puteanus of the Falkenstein caves 

 sometimes quits the regions of absolute darkness. 



Note 21, page 84. Many creatures furnished with well-constructed 

 eyes live associated with the actually blind species which have been 

 partly enumerated above.. An attempt to account for this apparent 

 contradiction is mentioned in the text. Of the very considerable num- 

 ber of such denizens of the darkness which nevertheless can see, I will 

 particularly mention the following : Bathytroetes, a new genus named 

 by Giinther, 675 to 1,090 fathoms ; Bathylagus, 1,950-2,040 fathoms ; 

 Platytroetes, 1,500 fathoms; Chloroplithalmios gracilis, 1,100-1,450 

 fathoms — all forms of Fishes discovered during the ' Challenger ' erpe- 

 dition. Besides these, among Fishes, Macrurm and Halosaurus, 1,375- 

 1,600 (Willemoes-Suhm, Challenger- Brief e") ; among mollusca, Chiton 

 and Patella, 1,075 fathoms (Willemoes), Pleia-otoma, n. species, 2,090 

 fathoms, and Fusus sp., 1,207 fathoms (Thomson, Depths of the Sea, 

 p. 465) ; Crustacea, a Palimmis in 700 fathoms ; a Nephropg and an 

 Amphion, between 1,875 and 3,126 fathoms. Various crabs, Galathea, 

 Calappa ; Isopoda, Serolis ; Macroura, Penceidce, CamMdce. Bathy- 

 novius giganteus (M. Edw.), a gigantic Isopod 23 centimetres long, 

 having large eyes, each^with 4,000 facets, and others. It is impossible 

 here to give a complete list, nor is it within the purpose of this work. 

 Other deep-sea forms have rudimentary eyes, as, for instance, Aphyonus 

 gelatinosm, 1,500 fathoms ; TyjjJilonus nasus, 2,150 fathoms, from N.E. 

 Australia, &c. 



Nate 22, page 85. Phosphorescent creatures are extremely common on 

 the surface of the sea, as is well known. They belong to the most 

 various olasses.but are for the most part invertebrate animals. Infusoria, 



