BIRTH AND PARENTAGE 55 
Audubon sugar refinery, was dosed thrice daily with 
kino on four days ‘in succession; and that this favorite 
treatment was repeated a month later. A clerk in the 
establishment, Monsieur Aubinais, is mentioned as re- 
quiring frequent attention, as well as Jean Audubon 
himself, who was once bled at the arm. 
In the entry for March 27, 17 84, there is this inter- 
esting reference: “Inoculated Cesar, Jupiter, and 
Rose, at thirty francs each, ninety francs”; and if there 
were any doubt why Cesar had been inoculated, a hint 
is immediately given under May 11: “For attention, 
visits, and remedies, during the smallpox (la petite 
vérole) of the mulatto Joue, sixty francs”; again we 
read: “June 30, inoculated a little negro bossal, named 
Joue, thirty francs.” Every fresh batch of negroes 
landed in the colonies led to a new outbreak of this 
terrible scourge, and but one other disease, la grosse 
vérole,* was more common or more fatal among the 
blacks. For a long period it had been a common prac- 
tice to inoculate both whites and blacks directly with 
the smallpox in order to secure some degree of protec- 
tion against its most virulent form, but this method of 
fighting the devil with fire had its disadvantages. By 
the end of the eighteenth century opinion was about 
equally divided upon the advisability of continuing the 
measure, since induced variola or smallpox was apt to 
be virulent, and was often quite as infectious as when 
manifested in the usual and natural way. Then came 
Edward Jenner’s grand discovery, made twelve years 
before this date but not announced until 1798, that vac- 
cinia would prevent variola. Almost immediately vac- 
which played a more or less ornamental réle in many households, whether 
as footmen or servants. In any case the use of this word is doubtless 
purely local. 
“See Vol. I, p. 46. 
