LIEUT. AUDUBON, REVOLUTIONIST 77 
I saw shot on the place de Viarme at Nantes.” This 
virtually ended the war in the Vendée, but the Chouans, 
under their intrepid chief, Dupré, the miller, called 
“Téte-Carrée,” managed to furnish considerable excite- 
ment, and raided Nantes in 1799. Dupré’s followers 
stole in secretly at three o’clock on the morning of Octo- 
ber 19 and left before daylight, after liberating fifteen 
royalists from the prison, which seems to have been their 
chief purpose. The cannon of alarm was fired from 
the Chateau; the tocsin sounded, calling the city to arms; 
there was much street fighting, but it was too foggy and 
dark.to distinguish friend from foe, and when the Na- 
tional Guard was finally assembled, the enemy had 
vanished. This brief attack cost the city twenty-one 
deaths and wounds for twice the number,’ but it was 
only a passing incident in comparison with events that 
had gone before. Thenceforth the history of the town is 
blended with that of the nation.* 
We have only slight indications of Jean Audubon’s 
activities from the close of 1789, when, according to his 
own statement, he was in the United States, to the period 
of his service in the National Guard at Nantes in the 
spring of 1792; he was then living in the house of Citizen 
Carricoule, rue de Crébillon, and the lease of his “Mill 
Grove” farm, which was renewed in October, 1790, was 
dated at Nantes. We may safely assume that he was 
2 The mayor, Saget, at the moment he was crossing the Place Egalité 
(the Place Royale of today) received point-blank a ball in his right thigh 
and another in his left leg, and lost both limbs. 
*For the revolutionary history of Nantes I am chiefly indebted to 
M. A. Guépin’s excellent Histoire de Nantes, 2d ed. (Nantes, 1839); Hipp. 
Etiennez, Guide du Voyageur & Nantes, et aux Environs (Nantes, 1861); 
A. Lescadien et Aug. Laurent, Histoire de la Ville de Nantes, t.2 (Nantes, 
1886); F. J. Verger, Archives curieuses de la Ville de Nantes et des 
Départments de l'Ouest, t. 5 (Nantes, 1837-41); and to a scholarly mono- 
graph by Dugast-Matifeux, entitled Carrier 4 Nantes: Précis de la Conduite 
patriotique et révolutionnaire des citoyens de Nantes (Nantes, 1885). 
