GLOSSARY. 509 



Crustaceans generally; applied also to tlie tard shelly pieces of 

 the Cirripedes. 



Carbonifekous.— This term is applied to the great formation which 

 includes, among other rocks, the coal-measures. It belongs to 

 the oldest, or Palfeozoic, system of formations. 



Caudal. — Of or belonging to the tail. 



Cbphalopods.— The highest class of the Mollusca, or soft- bodied 

 animals, characterized by having the mouth surrounded by a 

 greater or less number of fleshy arms or tentacles, which, in 

 most living species, are furnished with sucking-cups. {JExam- 

 ples, Cuttle-flsh, Nautilus.) 



Cbtacba. — An order of Mammalia, including the Whales, Dolphins, 

 etc., having the form of the body fish-like, the skin naked, and 

 only the fore limbs developed. 



Chblonia. — An order of Reptiles including the Turtles, Tortoises, 

 etc. 



ClEKlPBDES. — An order of Crustaceans including the Barnacles and 

 Acorn-shells. Their young resemble those of many other Crus- 

 taceans in form; but when mature they are always attached to 

 other objects, either directly or by means of a stalk, and their 

 bodies are enclosed by a calcareous shell composed of several 

 pieces, two of which can open to give issue to a bunch of curled, 

 jointed tentacles, which represent the limbs. 



Coccus. — The genus of Insects including the Cochineal. In these 

 the male is a minute, winged fly, and the female generally a 

 motionless, berry-like mass. 



Cocoon. — A case usually of silky material, in which insects are fre- 

 quently enveloped during the second or resting-stage (pupa) of 

 their existence. The term "cocoon-stage" is here used as 

 equivalent to "pupa-stage." 



CcBLOBPBRMOUS. — A term applied to those fruits of the Umbelliferae 

 which have the seed hollowed on the inner face. 



CoiiBOPTBBA. — Beetles, an order of Insects, having a biting mouth 

 and the first pair of wings more or less horny, forming sheaths 

 for the second pair, and usually meeting in a straight line down 

 the middle of the back. 



Column. — A peculiar organ in the flowers of Orchids, in which 

 the stamens, style and stigma (or the reproductive parts) are 

 united. 



Composite or Compositous Plants.— Plants in which the inflores- 

 cence consists of numerous small flowers (florets) brought 

 together into a dense head, the base of which is inclosed by a 

 common envelope. (Examples, the Daisy, Dandelions, etc.) 



Conferva. — The filamentous weeds of fresh water. 



Conglomerate.— A rock made up of fragments of rock or pebbles, 

 cemented together by some other material. 



Corolla.— The second envelope of a flower usually composed of 

 colored, leaf -like organs (petals), which may be united by their 

 edges either in the basal part or throughout. 



Correlation. — The normal coincidence of one phenomenon, charac- 

 ter, etc., with another. 



