100 GALIUM. — VALERIANA. 



place. Bog south of Hardacres near Eccles ; and road-side north of 

 Hatchetneze. Gateheugh. Road-side near Edrom ; and near Cold- 

 stream and Anton's-hill. Very abundant in the east end of a planta- 

 tion by the road-side as you go from Hutton-Hall to Broomdikes, just 

 where the Broomdikes' road goes off from the path leading to Crossrig. 

 The TroUius europ^eus grows in the same spot. By the road-side, 

 sparingly, near Loan-head to the west of Allanhank ; and in rather 

 an unfrequented road, called ' Jock's-holeloanin,' which runs between 

 the farms of Lintlaw and Billy-Mains, in two or three large patches. 

 G.Henderson. R. Banks of the Tweed at Trows' -crags ; and road- 

 sides in the parish of Sprouston. Dr. F. Douglas. July. 



279. G. SAXATiLE. Heaths and banks in sunny deans, forming 

 patches covered with white flourish. June-Aug. 



280. G. APARiNE. A common weed, called JRobtn or %i^^'XUXU 

 ti)tji)rtg;t when it climbs up and amidst our quick fences to the length, 

 perhaps, of 20 feet ; and JRobiiisTUn?t]^«j'i)gfet when it creeps over or 

 along the base of our stone walls with a more branched and closer 

 growth. It is also named ©rtp^graiS^, because the prickles of its 

 leaves, and the bristles of its fruit, make it catch at everything. 

 Children, with the leaves, practise phlebotomy upon the tongue of 

 those play-mates who are simple enough to allow it ; and hence they 

 call the plant JSluCDstongue or Cong;ut?i)lutl>fV£i. A tea made from 

 it was wont to be prescribed in a cold or "stuffing about the head." 



The abundant crop of seedlings that appear in winter, under the 

 shelter of the hedge, form green level patches which remind me of 

 those of the shore-loving Arenaria peploides, — a resemblance which 

 is produced by the size and closeness of the leaffike cotyledons. These 

 are large and flat, ovate, slightly emarginate, and roughened around 

 the edge with asperities not visible unless under the magnifier. The 

 upper surface of the leaves of these young specimens is entirely covered 

 with spinous warts. 



281. G. VERUM. Don Gard. Diet. iii. 654. Dry banks, edges 

 of fields, and on our sandy links, where it is very useful as a binder 

 of the loose sand. The odour of the flowers is sweet, as are indeed 

 those of the genus in general, but strongest in this species ; and as 

 the flowers are exceedingly numerous and clustered, our common 

 people call the plant S 1^uii'Dv£lJ4al'D. 



282. Valeriana OFFICINALIS. Valerian. Sides of water-courses, 

 rough woods, and boggy places, generally distributed. With us, as 

 in Lapland, " semper locis subhumidis occurrens et inodora." Our 

 plant, in general, is referable to the variety named V. sambucifolia, 

 Bot. Gazette, i. p. 34. = V. officinalis. Smith, and beautifully figured 

 in Stephenson and Churchill's Medical Botany, ii. pi. 54. In Twi- 

 zell-house dean, and otherwise, I have, however, gathered specimens 

 with 1 6 and 1 7 leaflets. These were, I presume, the true V. offici- 



22. Valeriana pyrenaica. — R. Banks of the Tweed below Pinnacle-hill, 

 Kelso, probably the ontcast of a garden, Dr. F. Douglas. 



