CAMPANULACEJS. (CAMPANULA FAMILY.) 225 



1. L. carnosula, Benth. Annual, rooting in the mud, glabrous, 1 to 5 

 inches high : leaves oblong-linear or lanceolate, entire, sessile, £ to £ inch 

 long : flowers axillary and above corymbose or racemose, long-pedicelled. — 

 Gray, Bot. Calif, i. 444. Porterella carniUosa, Torr., of Hayd. Rep. 1872, 488. 

 Muddy borders of ponds and streams from the Californian Sierras to Utah 

 and Wyoming. 



Order 44. CAMPANlTLACEiE. (Campanula Family.) 



Like the Lobeliacece, but the corolla regular bell-shaped, the stamens 

 usually distinct and the capsule (in ours) 3-celled. — Flowers generally 

 blue and showy. 



1. Specularla. Calyx-tube more or less elongated and narrow. Corolla short and broad, 



rotate when expanded. Capsule prismatic or elongated. 



2. Campanula. Calyx-tube short and broad. Corolla generally bell-shaped. Capsule 



mostly short. 



1. SPECULAEIA, Heister. Venus's Looking-glass. 



Flowers dimorphous ; the earlier ones smaller, with undeveloped corolla, 

 and a 3 or 4-lobed calyx. The calyx-lobes of the later corolliferous flowers 5. 

 Capsule with valvular openings either near the summit or near the middle. — 

 Annuals, with leafy slender stems, and sessile flowers. Corolla blue or 

 purplish. 



1. S. leptocarpa, Gray. Minutely hirsute or nearly glabrous : stems a 

 span or two high, virgate, mostly simple or branched from the base : leaves 

 lanceolate: capsule nearly cylindrical, ^ to J inch long, inclined to curve and 

 rarely to twist, opening by one or two uplifted valves near the summit; the low- 

 est also often splitting longitudinally from the summit : seeds oblong. — Proc. 

 Am. Acad. xi. 82. Arkansas to W. Texas and Colorado. 



2. S. perfoliata, A. DC. Stems 8 to 20 inches high, very leafy through- 

 out, hirsute or hispid on the angles : leaves round-cordate and clasping, mostly 

 crenate, veiny: flowers single or clustered in the axils: capsule oblong or 

 somewhat obconical ; the 2 or 3 valvular openings at or below the middle ; the 

 capsule not disposed to split; seeds lenticular. — From Colorado to Utah and 

 Oregon, also throughout the States eastward. 



2. CAMPANULA, Tourn. Bell-flower, Harebell. 



Flowers all alike and corolliferous. Filaments dilated at base. Capsule 

 opening on the sides or near the base by 3 to 5 small uplifted valves or per- 

 forations. — Flowers blue or white. Ours have naked sinuses to the calyx. 

 * Capsule opening near or at the summit, erect : low and usually 1-ftowered alpine 

 or subalpine plants. 



1. C. uniflora, L. Chiefly glabrous, 1 to 4 inches high, from a stout 

 several-headed rootstock : leaves small, an inch or less long, thickish, entire or 

 nearly so ; the lowest spatulate or oblong, obtuse ; uppermost linear : flowers 

 4 to 6 lines in length, mostly horizontal : calyx-tube nearly as long as the lobes, 



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