g INTRODUCTION. 5 
belong to the valley of the Minnesota. Since no bibliography 
has yet been published of the district in question or of the state 
in general—except the preliminary one compiled with much 
care by Mr. Warren Upham (4)—it seems advisable to introduce 
at this point such a list as shall cover at least the more promi- 
nent papers, memoirs and volumes known to the writer. 
Bibliographical List of Publications Relating to the Plants of Minnesota. 
In this preliminary and partial list the * is prefixed to such titles as 
convey information concerning the valley of the Minnesota. 
Jesuit Relations (1626-1679). 
Occasional references to food or fuel plants, 
La Salle: Margry’s Decouv. et Etabl. de France, Am. Sept. (1683). 
Le Suer: Pennecaut’s Narr. (1705). 
Carver: Trav. N. Amer. (1779). 
Observations of Sugar-maple, Vines, Vaks, Pirus, Prunus, Angelica, 
Apios or Astragalus, Humulus and a number of others, not all of 
which, perhaps, are to be credited to Minnesota. 
* Pike: Exp. Miss. and La. during 1805-6 and-7 (1810). 
Observations of Pinus strobus, P. resinosa, Tilia, Ulmus, Fraxinus, 
Quercus, Acer, Populus, Abies, Larix, Zizania. Thuja and a few 
others. 
Torrey: List of Pl. coll. by Capt. D. B. Douglas at the sources of the 
Mississippi. Sill. Journ., ser. I, vol. IV, pp. 56-69 (1822). 
*Nuttall and Schweinitz: Say’s Pl. from Long’s Exp., Appx. in Keat- 
ing Narr., vol. IT (1825). 
124 species of ferns and spermapbyta, 30 definitely attributed to Minn. 
*Beltrami: Decouvy. Source. Miss. et Sanglante (1824). 
Observations of Maples and Oaks. 
*Schoolcraft: Narr. Exp. Itasca, pp. 160-165, plants coll. by Dougl. 
Houghton (1834). 
247 sp., 115 attributed to Minn. 
*Torrey: Geyer’s coll., Nicollet Rep. (1843). 
Catalogue of 446 sp., 60-65 from Minn., mostof the others from Dakota. 
Eaton and Wright: Man. Bot. N. Amer., ed. VITI (1841). 
Some vague references to Minnesota localities. 
Gray: Man. Bot. N. U.S., ed. I (1848) and succeeding editions. 
In the first edition vague references to Minnesota localities. 
* Featherstonehaugh: Canoe-Voy. Minnay Sotar (1847). 
A few notes of common trees, shrubs and herbs. 
*Pope: Rep. Pemb. Exp., ex. Doc. 42, 31st Cong., Sess. I. (1851). 
Notes of common trees and shrubs. 
*Parry: Syst. Cat. Pl. Minn. and Wisc., Owen’s Rep., pp. 606-622 
(1853). 
*Clark: Hanchett and Clark, Rep. Geol. Surv. (1864). 
Enumeration of 65-70 native plants and 30 cultivated varieties. 
(4. Upham: Cat. Fl. Minn. XI. Rep. Geol. Nat. Hist. Surv. Minn., (1883). 
