170 METASPERMAE OF THE MINNESOTA VALLEY 
Fl. Minn. 141; Mac., Fl. Can. II, 10; Chap., Fl. S. St. 458; Engl. Pfitzer, 
Nat. Pfianz. II, 6, 107. 
North America: Newf., N. S., N. Br., Q., Ont.; S. to 
N. J. and mts. of N. Car.; W. to Minn. and Ind. 
Minn. valley: N. E. district; rare; bogs and tamarack 
swamps. 
HeErs.: Sandberg 548, Chisago Co. 
GYROSTACHYS Pers. Syn. II, 511 (1807). 
Spiranthes L. C. Rico. Mem. Mus. Par. IV, 50 (1818). 
Aristotelea Lour. Cochinch. 522 (1790) not L’ Her. 
Ibidium Sauissp. Trans. Hort. Soc. I, 291 (1812). 
Cyclopogon PREsL, Rel. Haenk. I, 93 (1830). 
Sauroglossum LINDL. Bot. Reg. t. 1618 (1835). 
‘Synassa LINDL. Bot. Reg. t. 1618 (1835). 
Sarcoglottis Prest, Rel. Haenk. I, 95 (1836). 
Stenorrhyncus L.C. Ricw. Mem. Mus. Par. IV, 59 (1818). 
Benth. and Hook., Gen. Pl. III, 596; Durand, Ind. Gen. Phan. 399; 
Engler and Prantl, Nat. Pflanz. 2, VI, 113 (Pfitzer). 
Living species: 75-80; temperate and tropical regions. 
Russia, 4; Europe, 3; Atl. N. America, 13 (endemic); California, 
2; S. Sts., 7; Canada, 4; E. Sts., 6. 
Gyrostachys gracilis (BIGEL.) OK. Rev. Gen II, 664 (1891). 
Spiranthes gracilis BicEL. Fl. Bost. 322 (1814). 
Wats. and Coult., Gray’s Man. 6 ed. 503; Britt., Fl. N. J 232; Upham, 
Fl. Minn. 141; Mac., Fl. Can. II, 8; Chap., Fl. S. St. 462; Cov., Fl. Ark. 
222. 
North America: N.S., Q., Ont. to Man. and Saskatch- 
ewan; N. to Ft. Franklin on Mackenzie; S. to N. Eng., N. J. 
and Fl.; W. to Minn. and Ark. 
Minn. valley: N. E. district, N. edge and N. W.; woods 
and hillsides in shaded places. . 
Hers.: Bailey 15, Vermilion lake; Bailey 181, Vermil- 
ion lake. 
Gyrostachys cernua (Linn.) OK. Rev. Gen. II, 664 (1891). 
Ophrys cernua LINN. Spec. 946 (1753). 
Neottia cernua WILLD. Spec. IV, 75 (1805). 
Spiranthes cernua Rico. Mem. Mus. IV, 59 (1817). 
Neottia tortilis BARTON, Fl. N. Am. II, 35 (1822). 
Wats. and Coult., Gray’s Man. 6 ed. 502; Mac., Fl. Can. II, 8; Britt., 
Fl. N. J. 231; Upham, Fl. Minn. 140; Chap., Fl. S. St. 462; Cov., Fl. Ark. 
222; Webb., Appx. Neb. 26. 
North America: N. 8., Q., Ont. to Georgian Bay; S. 
to N. Eng., N. J., Fla. and Miss.; W. to Minn., Neb., Mo. and 
Ark. 
Minn. valley: Forest district; bogs and low, wet 
meadows. 
