258 METASPERMAE OF THE MINNESOTA VALLEY. 
O. Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. I, 30; Gray, Ill. Gen. I, 151. 
Living species: 60+; 80 (B. and H.): 90 (Durand); 
temperate regions of both hemispheres; tropical (mts.) Africa. 
Russia, 83; Europe, 31; European Russia, 21; N. America, 11-14; 
Canada, 9-10; Calif., 6; E. Sts., 2; Rocky mts., 5; S. Sts., 8; Pl. 
King, 3; Pl. Wheel., 3; W. Tex., 2. 
Sisymbrium hartwegianum FourN. Sisymb. 66 (1865). 
S. canescens BENTH. Pl. Hartw. 9 (1836). 
?S. canescens var. brevipes T.and G. FI. I, 92 (1838). 
S. sophia GRAY, Proc. Ac. Phil. 57 (1863) in part. 
?8. brachycarpum Hoox. and ARN. Bot. Beech. 323 (1841). 
S. incisum var. hartwegianum Wars. Bot. Calif. I, 41 (1878). 
? 8. canescens var. brachycarpum UPHAM, Fl. Minn. 26 (1883). 
S. californicum Wats. King Exp. 23 (1870) part. 
Coult., Fl. Colo. 23; Mac., Fl. Can. I, 47; Wats., Bibl. Ind. I, 69; Webb., 
Fl. Neb. 118 (én part); Greene, Fl. Fran. 271. 
North America: N. W. T. and Brit. Colo. to Calif., 
Colo. and Tex.; E. to Minn. and Neb. 
Minn. valley: N. W. and W. districts; dry banks and 
sandy shores of streams. 
Hers.: Sheldon 1406, Lake Benton; Zaylor 1044, 
Glenwood. 
Sisymbrium multifidum (Purss). 
Erysimum pinnatum WALT. Fi. Car. 174 (1788). 
Cardamine (?) multifida PursH, Fl. Am. 440 (1814). 
Sisymbrium canescens NuTT. Gen. JI, 68 (1818). 
Cardamine menziesii DC. Syst. II, 267 (1821). 
Sisymbrium pinnatum GREENE, Bull. Calif. Acad. II (1887). 
Wats. and Coult., Gray’s Man. 6 ed. 72; Coult., F]. Colo. 23; Brew. and 
Wats., Fl. Calif. I, 40; Upham,Fl. Minn. 26; Webb., Fl. Neb. 118; Britt., 
Fl. N.J. 51; Mac., Fl. Can. I, 46; Wats., King Exp. 23; Roth., Wheel. Exp. 
64, 855; Cov., Fl. Ark. 166; Wats., Bibl. Ind. I, 68; Greene, Fl. Fran. 271. 
North America: Arctic circle, throughout Canada; S. 
in mts. to Mexico; W. to Calif.; E. to Penn., N. Y. and N. J. 
Minn. valley: Throughout, in waste places and along 
roadsides or on sandy banks. 
Hers.: Ballard 136, Chaska; Sheldon 1406, Lake Ben- 
ton; Sheldon 307, Madison Lake; Taylor 1044, Glenwood; Hol- 
zinger 24, Winona Co.; Herrick 41, Minneapolis; Kassube 31, 
Minneapolis; Sandberg 67, Red Wing; Huntington 2, Rock Co.; 
Herb. Sheld. 1843, Ft. Snelling; Herb. Moyer 31, Montevideo. 
BARBAREA R. Br. Hort. Kew. IV, 109 (1812). 
Baillon, Hist. Pl. III, 232; Benth. and Hook., Gen. Pl. I, 68; Engler 
and Prantl, Nat. Pflanz. 3, II, 188 (Prantl); Durand, Ind. Gen. Phan. 12; 
Gray, lll. Gen. I, 147. 
