LIST OF HIGHER SEED-PRODUCING PLANTS. 445 
STACHYS Linn. Gen. 485 (1737). 
Betonica LINN. Gen. 476 (1787). 
Galeopsis MoreNcH, Meth. 397 (1794). 
Zietinia GLEDIT. Syst. 184 (1765). 
Trixago MoEncg, 1. c. 398 (1794). 
Tetrahitum Horr. and Linx, FI. Port. 103 (1809). 
Eriostomum H,and L. 1. c. 105 (1809). 
Benth. and Hook., Gen. Pl. II, 1208; Durand, Ind. Gen. Phan. 328; 
Schenck, Palaeophyt. 778; Baillon, Hist. Pl. XI, 4. 
Living species: 200 described; 175 reduced. Cosmo- 
politan; in tropical mts. Europe, 50; Russia, 20; Russian 
Europe, 6; North America, 16; S. Sts., 4; Rocky mts., 1; E. 
Sts., 4; California, 7; Pl. Wheel., 6; several Tex. and Mex. 
region; W. Tex., 4. 
Fossil species: Interglacial at Mundesley, S. palustris 
Linn. (Schenck.). 
Stachys aspera Micux. FI. N. Am. II, 4 (1803). 
S. arvensis WALT. FI. Car. 162 (1788) not Linn. 
S. hispida Pursu, Fl. Am. II, 407 (1814). 
S. palustris var. aspera GRAY, Man. 5 ed. 358 (1867). 
Wats. and Coult., Gray’s Man. 6ed. 422; Britt., Fl. N. J. 201; Upham, 
Fl. Minn. 106; Webb., Fl. Neb. 138; Chap., Fl. S. St. 326; Mac., Fl. Can. I, 
391; Forbes and Hems., Fl. Sin. II, 301; Led., Fl. Ross. ITI, 214; Miyabe, 
Fl. Kur. 256 in var.; Cov., Fl. Ark. 213; Gray, Syn. Fl. II, 1, 387. 
Japan, Corea, Saghalin, Kuriles, Kamtk. 
North America: W. Ont. to N. Eng., N. J. and S. 
Car.; W. to Minn., Neb. and Ark. Mexico?, Oregon?. 
Minn. valley: Forest district to Blue Earth Co.; in- 
frequent; wet ground. 
HeRB.: AHolzinger 169, Winona Co.; Holzinger 170, 
Winona; Bailey 14, Vermilion lake; Kassube 184, Minneapolis. 
Stachys palustris Linn. Spec. 580 (1753). 
Wats. and Coult., Gray’s Man. 6 ed. 422; Britt., Fl. N. J. 201; Mac., 
Fl. Can. I, 390; Upham, Fl. Minn. 106; Coult., Fl. Colo. 299; Brew. and 
Wats., Fl. Calif. I, 606; Led., Fl. Ross. III, 414; Nym., Fl. Eur.; Hook., 
Fl. Gt. Brit. 325; Wats., King Exp. 237; Roth., Wheel. Exp. 224; Gray, 
Syn. FI. II, 1, 387 and Suppl. Syn. II, 462; Hart., Fl. Scand. I, 90. 
N. Europe to Caucasus mts.; Ural and Altai Siberia to 
the Himalayas. 
North America: . Newf. to Pac. and Oregon; N. to Ft. 
Franklin on the Mackenzie; S. to N. Eng. and N. J.; W. across 
Cont.; S. in Rocky mts. to Mexico. 
Minn. valley: Throughout; common; edges of marshes. 
Hers.: Ballard 365, Helena, Scott Co.; Taylor 582, 
Minnesota lake; Taylor 475, Janesville; Taylor 855, Glenwood; 
