516 METASPERMAE OF THE MINNESOTA VALLEY. 
Pinardia Neck. Elem. I, 5 (1790). 
Crinita MoENCH, Meth. (1794). 
Baillon, Hist. Pl. VIII, 135; Benth. and Hook., Gen. Pl. II, 270, 271; 
Durand, Ind. Gen. Phan. 196; O. Kuntze (includes Solidago), Rev. Gen. I, 
309; Engler and Prantl, Nat. Pflanz. IV, 5, 161 (Hoffmann). 
Living species: 850 described, 250 reduced. N. andS. 
America, Europe, Asia, S. Africa, and closely related forms 
perhaps to be referred to the genus in Australia. Russia, 20; 
“ Hurope, 10; North America 150, (124, Gray Syn.); Canada, 60- 
‘70; Rocky mts., 50; E. Sts., 60; S. Sts., 50; California, 20; 
Pl. Wheel., 20; Pl. King, 20; W. Tex., 25. 
Aster ptarmicoides (NEES) T. and G. Fl. IT, 160 (1841). 
Doellingeria ptarmicoides NEES, Syn. Ast. 183 (1818). 
Chrysopsis alba Nutt. Gen. II, 152 (1818). 
Heliastrum album DC. Prodr. V, 264 (1836). 
Diplopappus albus Hoox. FI. Bor.-Am. II, 21 (1840). 
Aster albus EAT. and WRIGHT, Man. 146 (1840). 
Wats. and Coult., Gray’s Man. 6 ed. 264; Mac., FI. Can. I, 228; Coult., 
FI. Colo. 165; Upham, Fl. Minn. 73; Cov., Fl. Ark. 192; Gray, Syn. Fl. I, 
2, 198. 
North America: Ont. and N. Eng. to Saskatchewan, 
Assiniboia and N. W. T. to 49° N. lat.; S. to Minn., Colo. and 
Arkansas. 
Minn. valley: Throughout at higher levels; fields, 
prairies, high bluffs and rocky headlands. 
Hers.: Sheldon 1254, Lake Benton; Taylor 1007, Glen- 
wood; Juni 7, Knife river; Juni 8, Little Marais; Kassube 126, 
Minneapolis; Batley 517, Agate bay; Roberts 59, Little Marais; 
Leiberg 32, Blue Earth Co.; Holzinger 112, Winona Co.; Sand- 
berg 292, Goodhue Co.; MacM. and Sheld. 19, Brainerd; Herb. 
Wickersheim 69, Idlewild, Lincoln Co.; Herb. Moyer 116, Min- 
nesota bluffs, near Montevideo. 
Aster umbellatus Mitu. Dict. ed. 8, 2 (1768). 
A. amygdalinus Lam. Enc. Meth. I, 305 (1783). 
Chrysopsis amygdalina Nutr. Gen. II, 153 (1818). 
Diplopappus wmbeliatus T. and G. FI. II, 188 (1841). 
D. amygdalinus T. and G. FI. IT, 153 (1841) in part. 
Wats. and Coult., Gray’s Man. 6 ed. 263; Britt., Fl. N. J. 140; Chap., 
FI. 8. St. 207; Mac., Fl. Can. I, 229; Cov., Fl. Ark. 192; Gray, Syn. FI. I, 2, 
196; Coult., Fl. Tex. 196. 
North America: Newf., Anticosti, N. S., N. Br. to N. 
J., Tenn. and Ga.; W. to Saskatchewan. Minn. and Ark. 
Minn. valley: Throughout, principally W. districts; 
moist woods and shaded banks of streams and lakes. 
Hers.: Taylor 991,Glenwood; Taylor 1015, Glenwood; 
Taylor 1045, Glenwood; Sheldon 1157, New Ulm;—all in var. 
