or 
LIST OF HIGHER SEED-PRODUCING PLANTS. 54 
Exp. 164; Cov., Fl. Ark. 196; Engl. Hoffmann, Nat. Pflanz. IV, 5, 243; 
Gray, Syn. Fl. I, 2, 291; Coult., Fl. Tex. 222. 
North America: Saskatchewan and lat. 49° N. to Ark. 
and Tex.; W. to Colo. and Arizona; E. to La. 
Minn. valley: Reported from moist prairies of S. W. 
and W. districts. 
BIDENS Linn. Gen. 641 (1737). 
Pluridens and Edwardsia Neck. Elem. I, 86, 87 (1790). 
Kerneria MoENCH, Meth. 595 (1794). 
Ceratocephalus VAILL. ex DC. Prodr. V, 594 (1836). 
Delucia DC. Prodr. V, 633 (1836). 
Adenolepis Lxss. Linn. VI, 510 (1832). 
Baillon, Hist. Pl. VIII, 221; Benth. and Hook., Gen. Pl. IL, 387; Du- 
rand, Ind. Gen. Phan. 212; Hogler and Prantl, Nat. Pflanz. IV, 5, 244 
(Hoffmann). 
Living species: 60-90; all temperate and warmer reg- 
ions, especially in America; Russia, 3; Europe, 4; Russian Eu- 
rope, 3; North America, 15; E. Sts., 6; Canada, 6; Rocky mts., 
5; S. Sts., 5; California, 2; Pl. Wheel., 38; W. Tex., 5. 
Bidens beckii Torr. Spreng. Neu. Entd. II, 135 (1824). 
Wats. and Coult., Gray’s Man. 6 ed. 285; Britt., Fl. N. J. 147; Upham, 
Fl. Minn. 83; Mac., Fl. Can. I, 247; Engl. Hoffmann, Nat. Pfianz. IV, 5, 
245; Gray, Syn. Fl. I, 2, 298. 
North America: St. Lawrence, Q., Ont. to Man., Red 
valley and Porcupine mts.; 8. to E. Mass. and N. J., and to 
Minn. and Mo. 
Minn. valley: N. E. district; aquatic, in ponds, lakes 
and sluggish streams 
Hers.: Holtz 2, Minneapolis; Herrick 166, Minneap- 
olis; Herrick 167, Minneapolis; Bailey 541, Long lake. 
Bidens laevis (Linn.) B.S. P. Cat. N. Y. (1888). 
Helianthus laevis LINN. Spec. 906 (1753). 
Coreopsis bidens and perpoliata? WALT. FI]. Car. 215 (1788). 
Bidens chrysanthemoides Micux. Fl. N. Am. 11, 136 (1803). 
B. helianthoides HBK. Nov. Gen. et. Spec. IV, 230 (1820). 
B. quadriaristata DC. Prodr. V, 593 (1836). 
Wats. and Coult., Gray’s Man. 6 ed. 285; Britt., Fl. N. J. 147; Webb., 
Fl, Neb. 146; Upham, Fl. Minn. 83; Chap., Fl. §. St. 237; Coult., Fl. Colo. 
190; Brew. and Wats., Fl. Calif. I, 357; Mac., Fl. Can. I, 247; Cov., Fl. Ark. 
196; Gray, Syn. Fl. I, 2, 296; Coult., Fl. Tex. 223. 
North America: N.S., N. Br., Q., Ont. to Man. and 
Calif.; S. to Fla. and Mex. 
Minn.‘valley: Throughout; swamps and shaded wet 
banks of streams or by springs. 
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