560 METASPERMAE OF THE MINNESOTA VALLEY. 
\ 
Wats., Fl. Calif. I, 418; Wats., King Exp. 204, 422; Roth., Wheel. Exp. 
179; Gray, Syn. Fl. I, 2, 4038; Coult., Fl. Tex. 243. 
North America: Man. to Rockies, N. W. T. and Brit. 
Col.; W. to limit of prairies; S. to Oregon, Gt. lakes, Minn., 
Kan. and N. Mex. 
Minn valley: Reported from plains of W. district; 
doubtful or rare; fields and prairies. 
HEeRB.: ?Roberts 70, Grand Marais. 
LACTUCA Linn. Gen. 622 (1787). 
Brachyramphus DC. Prodr. VII, 176 (1838-39). 
Phaenixopus Cass. Dict. XX XIX, 391 (1826). 
Phaenopus DC. Prodr. VII, 176 (1838-39). 
Cyanoseris ScuurR. Transsylv. 369 (1866). 
Pyrrhopappus A. Ric. Abyss. Fl. I, 463 (1847). 
Cicerbita WALLR. Sched. Crit. Halle, 433 (1822). 
Mulgedium Cass. Dict, XX XIII, 296 (1826). 
Galathenium Nutr. Trans. Phil. Soc. 2, VII, 442 (1841). 
Agathyrsus Don, Edin. Phil. Journ. 310 (1828-29). 
Melanoseris DECAISNE, Jacqm. Voy. Bot. 101 (1844). 
Lactucopsis ScH. Bre. Vis. and Pane. Fl. Serb. IT, 5 (1870). 
Cephalorhyneus Botss. Diag. Or. IV, 28 (1859). : 
Dubyaea DC. Prodr. VII, 247 (1838-39). 
Steptoramphus BuNGE, Rel. Lehm. 205 (1851). 
Mycelis and Ixeris Cass. Dict. XXIV, 49 (1826). 
Chorisma Don, Edin. Phil. Jour. 308 (1828-29). 
Chorisis DC. ‘Prodr. VII, 177 (1838-39). 
Baillon, Hist. Pl. VIII, 115; Benth. and Hook., Gen. Pl. II, 524: Du- 
rand, Ind. Gen. Phan, 235. ‘ 
Living species: 75-100; Europe; Asia; Africa; N. 
America. Europe, 22; Russia, 17; Russian Europe, 10; N. 
America, 9; Canada, 7; S. Sts., 1; Rocky mts., 3; California, 1; 
E. Sts., 8; Pl. Wheel., 1; Pl. King, 1; W. Tex., 4. 
Lactuca spicata (Lam.) Hircucock, Fl. Ames 506 (1891). 
Sonchus spicata LAm. Enc. Meth. III, 401 (1786). 
S. floridanus Ait. Hort. Kew. III, 116 (1789). 
S. biennis MOENCH, Meth. 545 (1794). 
S. leucophaeus WILLD. Spec. ITI, 1520 (1803). 
S. acuminatus BieEL. Fl. Bost. 2 ed. 290 (1824), 
S. pallidus Torr. Compend. 279 (1826). 
S. multiflorus Desr. Cat. Par. (1829). 
Agathyrsus leucophaeum Breck, Bot. 170 (1833). 
Mulyedium leucophaeum DC. Prodr. VII, 249 (1838). 
Lactuca leucophaeum GRAY, Proc. Am. Acad. XIX, 73 (1872). 
Wats. and Coult., Gray’s Man. 6 ed. 305; Britt., Fl. N. J. 154; Mac., 
F). Can. J, 281; Coult., Fl. Colo. 224; Chap., Fl. S. St. 253; Brew. and 
Wats., Fl. Calif. I, 442; Gray, Syn. Fl. I, 2, 444. 
North America: Newf., Anticosti, N. Br., U.S., Q., 
