116 



THE SKELETON OF THE HORSE 



k— 4 



mal part of the lateral border to the middle of the medial border. The triangular 

 area above the line is occupied by the popliteus muscle, while the area below is 

 marked by rough lines (Linese musculares) to which the deep flexor muscle of the 



digit is attached; the hues fade out distally, 

 I where the surface is smooth and flat. The 



nutrient foramen is situated on or near the 

 popliteal line. The anterior border is very 

 prominent in its proximal third, forming the 

 crest of the tibia (Crista tibiis) ; distally it is 

 reduced to a rough line, which ends at a small 

 elevation near the distal end of the bone. The 

 medial surface of the crest presents a rough 

 prominence for the attachment of the ten- 

 don of the semitendinosus. The medial border 

 (Margo medialis) is rounded in its proximal 

 half, to which the pophteus muscle is attached, 

 and a tubercle is found on this part. The dis- 

 tal part is a rough line on well-marked bones. 

 The lateral border (Crista interossea) is con- 

 cave in its proximal part and concurs with the 

 fibula in the formation of the interosseous space 

 of the leg (Spatium interosseum cruris); a 

 smooth impression indicates the course of the 

 anterior tibial vessels through the space to the 

 front of the leg. About the middle of the bone 

 the border divides and incloses a narrow trian- 

 gular surface. 



The proximal extremity (Extremitas proxi- 

 malis) is large and three-sided. It bears two 

 articular eminences, the medial and lateral con- 

 dyles (Condylus medialis, lateralis) . Each pre- 

 sents a somewhat saddle-shaped surface for ar- 

 ticulation with the corresiDonding condyle of the 

 femur and meniscus. The spine or intercondy- 

 loid eminence (Eminentia intercondyloidea) is 

 the central prominence, upon the sides of which 

 the articular surfaces are continued; it consists 

 of a high medial part and a lower lateral part 

 (Tuberculum intercondyloideum mediale, lat- 

 erale). On, before, and behind the spine are 

 the intercondyloid fossae, in which the anterior 

 cruciate ligament and the menisci are attached. 

 The condyles are separated behind by the deep 

 popliteal notch (Incisura poplitea), on the 

 medial side of which there is a tubercle for 

 the attachment of the posterior cruciate liga- 

 ment. The lateral condyle has an overhang- 

 ing outer margin (Margo infraglenoidalis) , be- 

 low which there is a facet (Facies articularis 

 fibularis) for articulation with the fibula. The 

 large anterio/ eminence is the tuberosity of the 

 tibia (Tuberositas tibiis). It is marked in front by a groove (Sulcus ligamenti), 

 the lower part of which gives attachment to the middle patellar ligament, and 

 the groove is flanlied by rough areas for the attachment of the medial and lateral 



Fig. 97. — Right Tibia and Fibula of Horse; 

 Anterior View. 

 1, Spine; 2, tuberosity^ 3, groove for 

 middle patellar ligament: 4, medial condyle; 

 5, sulcus muscularia; 6, lateral condyle; 7, 

 head of fibula; 8, interosseous space; 9, lateral 

 surface of tibia; 10, shaft of fibula; 11, imprint 

 for attachment of gracilis; 12, crest; 1.3, promi- 

 nence for attachment of semitenditiosus ; 14, 

 medial surface of tibia; 15, medial malleolus; 

 16, lateral malleolus. 



