VERTEBRAL COLUMN 



185 



Fig. 199. — Skeleton of Dog; Lateral View. 

 a, Craniuin; 6, face; c, mandible; 1H~7H, cervical vertebrse; 13B, last thoracic vertebra; 1L—7L, lumbar verte- 

 brffi; K, sacrum; 5, coccygeal vertebrse; 1R-13R, ribs; R.kn., costal cartilages; St., sternum.; d, scapula; d' , supia- 

 spinous fossa; d", infraspinous fossa; 1, spine of scapula; ^.acromion; 3, tuberosity of scapula; S', articular end of 

 scapula; e, humerus; 4^ head of humerus; 5, lateral tuberosity of humerus; 5', deltoid ridge; 6, 6', epicondyles of 

 humerus; 7, lateral condyloid crest; 7', coronoid fossa; /.radius; j?, ulna; 5, olecranon; 5, "beak" of ulna; /i, carpus; 

 %, metacarpus; k, proximal phalanges; I, middle phalanges; m, distal phalanges; /(, sesamoid; p, ihum; 10, Wing at 

 ilium; 11, shaft of ihum; 12, crest of ilium; 13, tuber coseb; 14, tuber sacrale; io, superior ischiatic spine; q, pubis; 

 r, ischium; 7^, tuber ischii; .? 7, acetabulum; s, femur; i5, head of femur; iP, trochanter major; ;?C, trochanter minor; 

 ^i, trochanter tertius; ^:3, ^3, condyles; ^4. ^-5, epicondyles; 26 , tiocYAea; /, patella; u, tibia; ;?7, tuberosity of tibia; 

 ^5, ^5, condyles of tibia; 30, medial malleolus; f, fibula; .5/, lateral malleolus; 3^, head of fibula; u', tarsus; j, meta- 

 tarsus; y, phalanges; 33, occipital bone; 34, paramastoid process; 35, parietal bone; 36, frontal bone; 37, lacrimal 

 bone; 35, malar bone; 35, squamous temporal; 4^, maxilla; ^0', infraorbital foramen; ^.Z, premaxilla; 4^, nasal bone; 

 43, external acoustic meatus; 44, canine tooth; 45, masseteric fossa; 46, angular process of mandible. (After EUen- 

 berger, in Leisering's Atlas.) 



Fig. 200. — Thied Cervical Vertebra of Dog; Left 

 Lateral View. 

 1, 2, Anterior and posterior ends of body; 3, 3, 

 articular processes; 4, spinous process; 5, 6, transverse 

 process; 7, foramen transversarium. 



Fig. 201. — Fourth Cervical Vertebra of Dog; 

 Left Lateral View. 

 1, 1', Anterior and posterior ends of body; 2, 2', 



articular processes; 

 process. 



3, transverse process; 4, spinous 



