1S6 



SKELKTON OF THE DOG 



crest into two fossjp. The transverse processes are single, pointed, directed back- 

 ward and outward, and perforated l)y relatively' large foramina transversaria. The 



^ spinous process is thin and of moderate 

 height, but very long ; it is prolonged for- 

 ward so as to overhang the dorsal arch of 

 the atlas, and is terminated behind b>' a 

 tuberosity which is connected by two 

 crests with the j^osterior articular proc- 

 esses. The anterior notches are large 

 and are never converted into foramina. 



Fig. 202. — Skvicnttt C'er\"I'ai, \'iaiTERR.\ of Doo; 



PuSTERIOR ^'ll':\V. 



1, Body: 2, r>(.,^tal far'ct: '■'^, transverse process; 

 4, notch; .!>, 'j', articular proce^-^cs; G, spinous process. 



Fic. 20.3. — Atlas of Dog; Dohsai^ View. 

 1, Dorsal arrii; 2, 2, posterior arliciijar cavities: .3, 

 ventral liilieri'lc: 4, 4' iii1i'r\"ertebral foTaiiiiiia : o, .7/, \A"ilms; 

 0, 0', alar notches; 7, 7'. foramina transversaria. 



The Ixjdies of the thirteen thoracic vertebrae are wide and compressed dorso- 

 A'entrally, especially at each end of the region. Their con- 

 vex anterior surfaces are depressed in the middle. The 

 posterior facets for the heads of the ritjs are absent on the 

 last three ( )r four. The transverse proces.ses resemljle those 

 of the horse. They bear mammillary processes except at 

 the anteri( )r end of the r(>gion. The facets for the tubercles 

 of the ribs are large and concave in the anterior part of th(> 

 scries, and Ijecome smaller and slightly convex further back. 



Dog; T/Ep^t T^atekal View. 



rpss; ■', rinslcrior cnrl of b(({l_\-; 4, aroh; 5, ]:ios- 



iutervcrtc-bral foramen; 8, posterior articular 



Fig. 20.'i. — Fottrth Thoragic 

 Vertebra of Do(j; Left 



"V'lEW. 



1, BikI^-; 2, 2', costal facets 

 of bod\'; 3, posterior notch; 

 4, 4', articular processes; 5, 

 transverse process; 6, facet for 

 tubercle of rib; 7, mammillary 

 process; 8, spinous process. 



