242 



THE ARTICULATIONS OF THE HORSE 



above to the distal tuberosity on the medial face of the tibial tarsal bone, and 

 spreads out below on the central and third tarsal bones, and the proximal ends of 

 the large and outer small metatarsal bones, to all of which it is attached. 



Special Ligaments. — A considerable number of short bands which connect 

 adjacent bones of the tarsus and metatarsus are described by various authors; 

 some of these are quite distinct; others are difficult to isolate. Most of them are 

 not of sufficient importance to justify detailed description. 



Tuher calc 



Lateral malleolus 



Short lateral ligament 



Trochlea of tibial tarsal — / / 

 bone r 



T.f. -L 



T.4^ 



Mi. IV 



Short medial ligaments 



Dorsal ligament 

 T.c. 



Ml. in 



Fig. 254. — Right Hock Joint of Horse. Viewed from the Front and Slightly Laterally After Removal of 



Joint Capsule and Long Collateral Ligaments. 



T. t.. Tibial tarsal bone (distal tuberosity) ; T. c, central tarsal bone; T. 3, ridge of third tarsal bone; T. /., fibular tarsal 



bone (distal end) ; T. /^, fourth tarsal bone; Mt. Ill, Mi. IV, metatarsal bones. Arrow points to vascular canal. 



(1) The tibial and fibular tarsal bones are united by four bands (astragalo-caloaneal liga- 

 ments). The medial ligament extends from the sustentaculum tali to the adjacent part of the 

 tibial tarsal, blending -nith the short collateral ligament. The lateral ligament extends from the 

 cochlear process of the fibular tarsal to the adjacent part of the lateral ridge of the trochlea. 

 The proximal ligament extends from the posterior margin of the trochlea to the fibular tarsal. 

 The interosseous ligament is deeply placed in the sinus tarsi between the two bones, and is at- 

 tached in the rough areas of the opposed surfaces. 



(2) The smaller bones are attached to each other as follows: The central and third tarsal are 

 united by an interosseous and an obUque dorsal ligament (scaphoido-cunean ligaments). The 

 central and fourth tarsal are united by an interosseous and a lateral transverse ligament (cuboido- 

 gcaphoid ligament). The third and fourth tarsals are similarly connected (cuboido-cunean liga- 

 ments). The third tarsal is joined by an interosseous (intercunean) ligament to the (fused) first 

 and second tarsals; the latter are connected with the fourth tarsal by a plantar transverse liga- 

 ment. 



(3) The smaller bones are connected with the proximal row as follows: The central is 



