THE MOUTH 



389 



breathing does not occur under normal conditions, and that in vomiting the ejected 

 matter escapes usually through the nasal cavity. '^ 



Structure. — The soft palate consists of: (1) The oral mucous membrane, 

 continuous with that of the hard palate, which it resembles; it covers also a narrow 

 marginal area of the pharyngeal surface along the free border; (2) the palatine 

 glands (Glandulse palatini), which form a layer about half an inch in thickness; 

 (3) the aponeurotic and muscular layer; (4) the pharyngeal mucous membrane, 

 continuous with that of the nasal cavity, which it resembles. 



Septum nasi Dorsal meatus 



Naso-lacrimnl duct 



Infraorbital nerve 

 and vessels 



Levator labii supcri- 

 oris proprius 



Superior buccal 

 nerve 

 Facial artery 



Superior bucca 

 glands 



Parotid duct 



Labial veins 



Inferior labial artery 

 Mylo-hyoideus 



Darsiil turbinate 

 Cdiitiiiim meatus 



Middle meatus 



]'(nlr(d turbinate 



VeiUral meatus 



'Ulaxillary sinus 

 {a nterior end) 



Palatine artery 

 Facial artery 



Buccal mucous 

 membrane 



B uecinator 



Hypoglossal 

 nerve 

 Lingual artery 



Buccinator nerve 

 Branches of lingual nerve 



Mandibular duct 

 Sublingual gland 



Digastricus 



Sublingual artery 



Fig. 330.— Choss-section of Head of Hok3e at Antehior End of Facial Chest. 



1 Cavity of dorsal turbinate; 2, cavity of ventral turbinate; 3. cavum oris; 4, 4. genio-glossi ; 5, 5, genio-hyoidei; 6, 



hyo-glossus; 7, upper, 7', lower, fourth cheek tooth. Line to facial artery crosses zygomaticua. 



The muscles proper to the soft palate are the palatinus, the levator palati, 



and the tensor palati. , . ji u- u 



The palatinus (M. palatinus) consists of two small muscular bundles which 

 lie together at the median hne. It is attached through the medium of the palatine 

 aponeurosis to the palatine bones, and terminates near the free edge of the soft 

 palate. Usually a bundle from it is continued a short distance mto the posterior 

 pillar Its action is to shorten the soft palate. 



The levator palati (M. levator veli palatini) arises from the muscular process 

 1 The epiglottis may be either in front of or behind the soft palate; most often it is in front 

 (prevelar), as shown in Fig. 349. 



