498 



DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF THE DOG 



The left extremity or fundus is large and rounded; it is the most dorsal part 

 of the organ, and lies under the vertebral ends of the eleventh and twelfth ribs. 



The pyloric extremity is small 



(Esophagus 



Pylorus 



and is directed forward and dor- 

 sally; it lies usually opposite to 

 the ventral part of the ninth 

 or tenth intercostal space, and 

 about an inch (ca. 2-3 cm.) to 

 the right of the median plane. 

 It is related to the portal fissure 

 of the liver and to the pancreas. 

 The cardia is situated about two 

 to three inches (ca. 5 to 7 cm.) 

 from the left extremitj^, and is 

 oval; it hes just to the left of 

 the median plane, ventral to the 

 eleventh or twelfth thoracic ver- 

 tebra. 



When empty, or nearly so, 

 the stomach is separated from 

 the ventral abdominal wall by 

 the liver and intestine, and the 

 greater curvature extends back 

 on the left side to the eleventh 



or twelfth rib. In this state there is not rarely a marked constriction between the 



right and left parts. 



The preceding topographic statements are based on observations made on a considerable 

 number of formahn-hardened subjects, and are to be regarded as average findings in dogs of 



Fig. 43S. — Stomach of Dog; Parietal Surface. 

 Organ fixed in situ when well filled. 



Left extremity 



Duodenum 



Greater Attachment of 

 curvature greater omentum 



Fig. 439. — Stomach of Dog; Visceral Surface. 

 Organ fixed in situ when it contained small amount of ingeata 



medium size. The cardiac and pyloric ends vary least in position, but the former varies the 

 length of one vertebra and the latter as much as two intercostal spaces. This variation appears 

 to be due, not only to the amount of ingesta in the stomach, but also to the phase in which the 

 diaphragm is fixed. 



