THE STOMACH 



499 



The serous coat is almost complete. Along the curvatures it leaves the stom- 

 ach to form the omenta. The longitudinal muscular fibers are chiefly along the 

 curvatures and on the pyloric part; they are continuous with the external layer 

 of the oesophagus. The oblique fibers are arranged in two layers : the external layer 

 is largely a continuation of the longitudinal fibers of the oesophagus to the body 

 and fundus. The circular layer covers the whole stomach except the fundus, and 

 forms a pyloric sphincter and an antral sphincter. The internal obhque layer is 

 arranged as in the horse, and forms a similar loop-like, cardiac sphincter. Three 

 regions of the mucous membrane exist. Cardiac glands are found in a very narrow 

 pale zone around the cardiac opening, and also scatteretl along the lesser curva- 



FlG. 440. — Stomach of Dog; Frontal Section 

 1, Fundus gland region; 2, pyloric part; 3, lesser curvature; 4, cardia; 5, pylorus; 6, cesophagus; 7, duodenum. 



ture. The fundus gland region has a thick, reddish-brown mucous membrane, 

 which Imes about two-thirds of the organ. The pyloric mucous membrane is 

 thinner and pale; in the dead subject it is often stained by regurgitated bile. 



The greater omentum is very extensive, and in well-nourished subjects it con- 

 tains much fat arranged in interlacing strands. Viewed ventrally it covers the 

 entire intestinal mass, extending from the greater curvature of the stomach to the 

 pelvic inlet. It is attached to the greater curvature of the stomach, the left part 

 of the colon, the left branch of the pancreas, and the hilus of the spleen. 



The lesser omenttun extends from the lesser curvature of the stomach to the 

 portal fissure; to reach the latter it passes in great part between the papillary and 

 left lateral lobes of the liver. 



