504 



DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF THE DOG 



When hardened in situ, the gland presents the following characters: The 

 parietal surface is strongly convex in conformity TOth the curvature of the dia- 

 phragm and the adjacent part of the ventral wall of the abdomen, with which it is 

 in contact. 



The visceral surface is in general concave, but is irregular in adaptation to the 

 viscera in contact wdth it. The largest of these is the stomach, and the configuration 

 of the liver varies greatly in accordance with the degree of fulness of that viscus. 

 When the stomach is well filled, there is a ridge on the liver which corresponds to 

 the lesser curvature. To the left of this is a large concavity adapted to the body 

 and fundus of the stomach ; and on the right is a smaller impression of the pyloric 

 part of the stomach, the first part of the duodenum, and the anterior part of the 



(Esophageal notch 



Hepatic 

 artery 



Posterior rciia cava 



Left lateral 

 ligament 



Papillary 

 lobe 



Gastric im- 

 pression of 

 left lateral 

 lobe 



Renal im- 

 pression of 

 caudate lobe 



Portal vein 



Bile duct 



Right lateral 

 lobe 



Gall-bladder 

 (not visible) 



Right central lobe 



Fig. 446. — Liver of Dog, Visceral Surface; Hardened in situ. 

 Left central lobe, gall-bladder, and great part of right central lobe not visible. 



right branch of the pancreas. Dorsal to the cavity for the pyloric part of the 

 stomach is a deep depression, and at the bottom of this is the portal fissure. To 

 see the latter the papillary and caudate lobes must be drawn apart. The hepatic 

 artery enters the liver at the dorsal part of the fissure, the portal vein enters cen- 

 trally, and the hepatic duct emerges at the ventral part. The gall-bladder is 

 usually not visible till the right lateral and central lobes are drawn apart. 



When the stomach is empty and contracted, the visceral surface of the liver is strikingly 

 different. There is then a shallow impression for the left part of the stomach on the left lobe 

 and a large convex area, related to the small intestine and a mass of omentum. The pyloric and 

 duodenal impressions are not much changed. 



The dorsal border presents a deep renal impression on its right part. The 

 posterior vena cava passes ventrally and forward, at first in a deep groove on the 

 caudate lobe, then largely embedded in the parietal surface of the right lateral lobe; 

 it receives two or three large hepatic veins just before piercing the diaphragm. 



