GENITAL ORGANS OF THE BITCH 613 



the bursa ovarii lateral to the kidney and is attached to the abdominal wall at the 

 middle of the last rib. 



The horns of the gravid uterus present dilatations, the ampullae, which contain the 

 foetuses, and are separated by constrictions. The gravid uterus lies on the ventral abdominal wall, 

 and toward the end of gestation extends forward to the stomach and liver. 



The vagina is relatively long. It is narrow anteriorly, and has no distinct 

 fornix. The muscular coat is thiclv and consists chiefly of circular fibers. The 

 mucous membrane forms longitudinal folds. The canals of Gartner are usually 

 absent. 



The vulva has thick labia which form a pointed inferior commissure. The 

 mucous lining is smooth and red. It frequentlj^ presents small prominences caused 

 by lymph follicles. On either side of the urethral orifice there is a small depression. 

 The glandulse vestibulares majores are absent, but the smaller glands are often 

 present, and their ducts open ventrally on either side of a median ridge. The 

 vestibular bulbs are relatively large and are commonly united ventrally by a sort 

 of isthmus. The constrictor muscle is strong and divides into two layers which 

 enclose the vestibular bulb. The body of the clitoris is broad and flat, and is about 

 an inch and a half (ca. 3^ cm.) long in a subject of medium size. It is not erectile 

 in structure, but is infiltrated with fat. It is enclosed by a fibrous albuginea and 

 contains large arteries and numerous nerves in its ventral part. The glans clitoridis 

 is composed of erectile tissue and is situated in a large fossa clitoridis. A fold of 

 mucous membrane extends backward over the glans and fossa; a central projection 

 of this fold may be mistaken for the glans clitoridis. 



The mammary glands are usually ten in number, and are arranged in two series, 

 extending from the posterior part of the pectoral region to the inguinal region; they 

 are, therefore, designated according to location as pectoral, abdominal, and inguinal. 

 The teats are short, and present on their apices six to twelve small orifices of the 

 excretory ducts. 



