702 BLOOD-VASCULAK SYSTEM OF THE HORSE 



The visceral glands include the following: 



1. The gastric lymph glands (Lgg. gastricte) are situated along the course of 

 the gastric arteries. Several occur on the saccus caecus ventral to the left part of 

 the pancreas, and along the attachment of the gastro-phrenic ligament. A group 

 lies at the lesser curvature a short distance below the cardia. There is another 

 small group on the visceral surface where the posterior gastric artery divides into 

 its larimary branches. There are usually two or three small nodes on the ventral 

 aspect of the pylorus. Other small glands are scattered along the course of the 

 gastro-epiploic and short gastric' arteries, in the great and gastro-splenic omenta. 

 The efferent vessels pass largely to the cceliac radicle of the cisterna chyli, but along 

 the left part of the great curvature they go to the splenic glands. 



2. The hepatic lymph glands (Lgg. hepaticse) lie along the portal vein and 

 hepatic arter}- and in the lesser omentum. Their efferent vessels go to the 

 cceliac radicle of the cisterna chyli. 



Many of the lymph vessels from the parietal surface of the liver pass in the falciform and 

 lateral Hgaments to the diaphragm and join the lymphatics of the latter. Some pass through the 

 diaphragm with the vena cava and go to the mediastinal glands. 



The pancreatic lymph vessels follow the course of the blood-vessels which 

 supply the gland ; most of them go to the splenic and hepatic glands. 



3. The splenic lymph glands (Lgg. lienales) lie along the course of the splenic 

 blood-vessels in the hilus of the spleen and the gastro-splenic omentum. Their 

 afferent vessels come from the subcapsular network of the spleen, from the greater 

 curvature of the stomach, and from the left jjart of the pancreas. The efferents 

 pass to the glands of the saccus csecus of the stomach and to the cceliac radicle of the 

 cisterna chyli. 



4. The mesenteric lymph glands (Lgg. mesentericse) are situated in the great 

 mesentery near its root. They are numerous and hence lie close together. They 

 receive a very large number of afferent vessels (400 to 500) from the small intestine. 

 They have several considerable efferents, which concur in the formation of the in- 

 testinal radicles of the cisterna chyli. 



The lymph vessels of the intestine form three sets of capillary plexuses, viz., in the subserosa, 

 submucosa, and mucosa. The lymph follicles, solitary and aggregate, lie in the zone of the plexus 

 of the mucosa. The collecting vessels arise from the subserous plexus. 



5. The c£ecal lymph glands (Lgg. caecales) are numerous and are distributed 

 along the course of the csecal blood-vessels. Their efferents enter into the formation 

 of an intestinal radicle of the cisterna chyli. 



6. The colic lymph glands (Lgg. colicffi) comprise those of the great colon and 

 those of the small colon. The glands of the great colon are extremely numerous 

 and are placed close together along the colic blood-vessels. Their efferent vessels 

 are large and numerous. They converge to two large trunks which concur with 

 those of the caecum and small intestine to form an intestinal radicle of the cisterna 

 chyli. The glands of the small colon are situated in part on the wall of the bowel 

 along the attachment of the mesentery, in part between the layers of the latter 

 along the course of the blood-vessels. The efferent vessels go to the lumbar glands 

 and to the posterior intestinal radicle of the thoracic duct. 



The intestinal radicles of the cisterna chjdi are formed by the confluence of efferents from 

 the intestinal lymph glands. The anterior trunk lies on the left side of the anterior mesenteric 

 artery, passes between that vessel and the cceliac artery, turns sharply backward across the right 

 renal vessels, and opens into the cisterna. It is formed by the union of the coeliao trunk with 

 efferents from the glands of the small intestine, osecum, and colon. It is about four inches (ca. 

 10 cm.) in length and is ampuUate. The posterior trunk receives vessels from the small mtestine 

 and small colon. It usually opens into a trunk formed by the imion of the right and left lumbar 

 ducts. It is usually ampullate at its termination (Franck). The arrangement of these collecting 

 trunks is, however, very variable. 



The rectal lymph glands (Lgg. rectales) form a chain along the dorsal surface 



