708 THE BLOOD-VASCULAR SYSTEM OF THE OX 



(1) The pharyngeal artery (A. palatina ascendens) goes to the phar3rnx and 

 soft palate; it may arise from the external carotid. 



(2) Muscular branches go chiefly to the ventral straight muscles of the head 

 and supply twigs to the atlanto-occipital joint. 



(3) The condyloid artery passes into the cranium through the anterior foramen 

 in the condyloid fossa, and joins the vertebral in the formation of the rete mirabile 

 about the pituitary gland. Before entering the cranium it gives off a branch to 

 the pharyngeal lymph glands and the middle meningeal artery; the latter passes 



Fig. 593. — Schema of Chief Aetehieb of Head of Cow. 

 /, Common carotid artery; jg, thyro-laryngeal; S, thyroid; 4. laryngeal; 5, pharyngeal ; &, occipital; 7, condyloid; 

 5, middle meningeal; 9, pharyngeal; 10, external maxillary; 11, lingual; 12, sublingual; IS, superior labial: 1^., in- 

 ternal maxillary; 15, masseteric; 16, inferior alveolar; 17, buccinator; IS, great palatine; 19, sphenopalatine; SO, 

 posterior auricular; ^i, superficial temporal; ^;l?, posterior meningeal: i?S, anterior auricular; .^4. artery to corium of 

 horn; ;g5, deep temporal; ^ff, arteries to rete mirabile ; ^7, frontal; 2S, malar; .S5', dorsal nasal continuation of malar ; 

 29, infraorbital; 29', lateral nasal continuation of 29. 



through the foramen lacerum. Another branch enters the temporal canal and gives 

 twigs to the temporalis muscle and the mucous membrane of the frontal sinus. A 

 muscular branch emerges from the intervertebral foramen of the atlas. A diploic 

 branch goes into the occipital condyle and squama, and emits twigs to the occipital 

 muscles. 



2. The external maxillary artery is smaller than that of the horse, but pursues 

 a similar course.^ It gives off several branches to the parotid and mandibular 

 glands. The lingual artery is large, and often arises separately from the common 



1 In the sheep the artery crosses the masseter muscle about its middle and is continued as 

 the superior labial artery. 



