LYMPHATIC SYSTEM OF THE OX AND SHEEP 729 



The deep inguinal lymph gland^ is situated ventral to the psoas minor, at the 

 angle of divergence of the circumflex iliac from the external iliac artery. It is 

 discoid and is commonly two to three inches (ca. 5-7.5 em.) in length. A smaller 

 gland may be present near the large one or at the origin of the prepubic artery. The 

 afferent vessels come chiefly from the abdominal muscles; the pelvic limb; the 

 urinary organs, the vesiculse seminales, tunica vaginalis, cremaster muscle; and 

 the superficial inguinal, external iliac, sacral, prefemoral, and popliteal glands. 

 The efferent vessels go in part to the internal iliac glands, in part directly to the 

 lumbar trunk. 



The external iliac lymph glands (Lgg. iliacte laterales) number one or two on 

 each side, and are situated at the bifurcation of the circumflex iliac artery. In the 

 majority of cases a single gland is found just in front of the origin of the anterior 

 branch of the artery, but another may lie in the angle between the two branches. 

 The more constant one is half an inch to an inch (ca. 1.25-2.5 cm.) in diameter. 

 They may be absent on one side or (quite exceptionally) on both sides. The 

 afferent vessels come from the abdominal muscles, the gluteus profundus, the tensor 

 fascise latse, the fascia lata; the peritoneum of the adjacent region; the pelvic bones. 

 They also receive vessels from the prefemoral and coxal glands. The efferent ves- 

 sels go in part to the lumbar trunk, in part to the internal iliac or deep inguinal 

 glands. 



The epigastric lymph gland (Lg. epigastrica) is small and inconstant. It is situated 

 on the course of the posterior abdominal artery near the pubis. It receives afferent vessels from 

 the adjacent part of the peritoneum and abdominal muscles, and sends an efferent vessel to the 

 deep inguinal gland. 



The paralumbar lymph glands (Lgg. paralumbales) are small and inconstant 

 nodes, one or two in number, which may be found under the skin of the upper part 

 of the flank. Their afferent vessels come from the adjacent skin, and the efferents 

 go in part to the prefemoral gland, in part to the deep inguinal gland. Heemolymph 

 glands occur in this region. 



The superficial inguinal lymph glands (Lgg. inguinales superficiales) differ in 

 the two sexes. (1) In the bull they are situated below the prepubic tendon and in 

 the narrow interfemoral space. They lie in the mass of fat about the neck of the 

 scrotum and behind the spermatic cord, and are covered (in part) by the retractor 

 of the prepuce. It is usual to find one or two on each side of the penis, but in ex- 

 ceptional cases one or two more may be present. A central one above the penis 

 has been observed, and there may be one further back. The afferent vessels come 

 from the external genital organs (except the testicles) ; also from the skin of the 

 adjacent region, the medial and posterior surface of the thigh, and the medial sur- 

 face of the leg. The efferent vessels ascend through the inguinal canal to the deep 

 inguinal gland at the side of the pelvic inlet. (2) In the cow they are usually 

 termed the supramammary lymph glands (Lgg. supramammaricse), since they are 

 situated above the posterior border of the base of the mammary glands.- Usually 

 two are present on either side. The larger ones are in apposition medially and are 

 sometimes united. The smaller glands are above or in front of the large ones. 

 Exceptionally a third gland may be present or there may be only one on one side. 

 The large glands are usually two or four inches (ca. 6-10 cm.) long, the smaller 

 ones a fourth to one-half as large. The afferent vessels come from the udder, the 

 external genital organs, and part of the skin of the thigh and leg. The efferent 

 vessels converge to two or three large trunks which go to the deep mguinal glands 

 at the side of the pelvic inlet. 



1 This gland, designated by Chauveau-Lesbre as external iliac, is here named in accordance 

 with the observations of Baum, who found that it, together with the deep femoral gland derives 

 its afferent vessels from substantially the same region as the deep mgumal glands oi the horse. 



2 When enlarged, they can easily be felt, and when much enlarged, may produce a prominence. 



