THE LYMPHATIC SYSTEM 



757 



The axillary lymph gland lies in a mass of fat on the medial face of the distal 



part of the teres major. It is discoid and is about an inch (ca. 5 cm.) wide in a 



large dog. Exceptionally a second smaller • 



gland is present. 



The cubital lymph gland is usually 



absent. When present, it is situated on 



the medial face of the long head of the 



triceps or on the latissimus dorsi. 



Intercostal lymph glands do not ap- 

 pear to be present. 



Two sternal lymph glands (Fig. 613) 



are usually present, one on each side. 



They are situated on the course of the 



internal thoracic vessels, usually at the 



second sternebra. A third node may be 



present in front of the more constant one, 



and in some cases, on the other hand, the 



gland is absent on one side. In large dogs 



the gland may be nearly an inch long. 

 The mediastinal lymph glands are 



variable in number and arrangement. 



None have been found in the posterior 



mediastinum, and the following statement 



is to be understood merely as an account 



of what is most often f ouncl. Two or three 



glands usually occur on the ventral face of 



the trachea, oesophagus, and brachioceph- 

 alic artery to the left of the anterior vena 



cava; thej^are related ventrally to the thj-- 



mus, when the latter is not too much re- 

 duced. Others may be found on the lateral 



face of the brachiocephalic artery. One 



or two glands are usuallj^ present between 



the trachea and the anterior vena near 

 the thoracic inlet, and one or two are on 

 the right side of the trachea, dorso-lateral 

 to the right brachial artery. Another lies 

 on the trachea at the crossing of the vena 

 azj^gos over that tube. 



The bronchial lymph glands are usu- 

 ally four in number. The largest one (Lg. 

 bifurcationis) is situated in the angle of 

 divergence of the chief bronchi, to which 

 it is adapted, so that it is somewhat V- 

 shaped. Another lies on the left bronchus 

 at its bifurcation and in the angle between 

 the aortic arch and the left pulmonary 

 artery. A third smaller one lies on the 

 right bronchus, lateral to the oesophagus; 



it is not always present. A fourth is anterior to the root of the apical bronchus, in 

 relation in front to the vena azygos. These glands are commonly black, and the 

 same is true of the gland on the right side of the trachea in relation to the vena 

 azygos, indicating that all of these glands receive lymph from the lungs. 



Minute pulmonary Ijrmph glands occur in the lungs along the bronchial branches. 



Fig. 624. — Sublumbar and Pelvic Lymph Glands 

 OF Dog. 

 1, 1', Renal lymph glands; 2, lumbar lymph glands; 

 3, 3', 4, 4', internal iliac lymph glands; 5, 5', medial 

 sacral lymph glands; 6, 6', lateral sacral lymph glands; 

 7, 7', external iliac lymph glands; a, a', kidneys; b, b\ 

 crura of diaphragm; c, c' , psoas minor; d, d' , ilio- 

 psoas; e, t'', saero-coccygeus ventralis; /, /', coccy- 

 geus; /, posterior vena cava; II, abdominal aorta; 

 ///, III', renal arteries; IV, IV, renal veins; T^, V, 

 yi, VI', circumflex iliac vessels; VII, VII', external 

 iliac arteries; VIII, VIII', internal iliac arteries; 7A", 

 middle sacral artery; X, X' , parietal branches of in- 

 ternal iliac arteries; XI, XI', visceral branches of in- 

 ternal iliac arteries; XII, XII', common iliac veins; 

 XIII, XIII', external iliac veins; XJT', XIV, in- 

 ternal iliac veins. (After Merzdorf). 



