8o PHARMACEUTICAL BACTERIOLOGY. 



Sporangia, cells containing endospores. 



Spreading, growth extending much beyond the line of inoculation, i.e., several millimeters 



or more. 

 Stratiform, liquefying to the walls of the tube at the top and then proceeding downward 



horizontally. 

 Thermal Death-point, the degree of heat required to kill young fluid cultures of an organism 



exposed for ten minutes (in thin-walled test-tubes of a diameter not exceeding 20 mm.) 



in the thermal water-bath. The water must be kept agitated so that the temperature 



shall be uniform during the exposure. 

 Transient, a few days. . 



Turbid, cloudy with flocculent particles; cloudy flocculence. 

 Umbonate, having a button-like, raised center. 

 Undulate, border wavy with shallow sinuses. 

 Verrucose, growth wart-like, with wart-like prominences. 

 Vermiform-contoured, growth like a mass of worms, or intestinal coils. 

 Villous, growth beset with hair-like extensions. 

 Viscid, growth follows the needle when touched and withdrawn, sediment on shaking rises 



as a coherent swirl. 

 Zooglem, firm gelatinous masses of bacteria, one of the most typical examples of which is 



the Streptococcus mesenteroides of sugar vats (Leuconostoc mesenterioides), the bacteria! 



chains being surrounded by an enormously thickened firm covering inside of which 



there may be one or many groups of the bacteria. 



Notes. 



(i) For decimal system of group numbers see Table i. This will be found useful as 

 a quick method of showing close relationships inside the genus, but is not a suflScient 

 characterization of any organism. 



(2) The morphological characters shall be determined and described from growths 

 obtained upon at least one solid medium (nutrient agar) and in at least one liquid medium 

 (nutrient broth). Growths at 37° C. shall be in general not older than twenty-four to 

 forty-eight hours, and growths at 20° C. not older than forty-eight to seventy-two hours . 

 To secure uniformity in cultures, in all cases preliminary cultivation shall be practised as 

 described in the revised Report of the Committee on Standard Methods of the Laboratory 

 Section of the American Public Health Association, 1905. 



(3) The observation of cultural and bio-chemical features shall cover a period of at 

 least fifteen days and frequently longer, and shall be made according to the revised Stand- 

 ard Methods above referred to. All media shall be made according to the same Standard 

 Methods. 



(4) Gelatin stab cultures shall be held for six weeks to determine liquefaction. 



(5) Ammonia and indol tests shall be made at end of tenth day, nitrate tests at end 

 of fifth day. 



N 



(6) Titrate with — NaOH, using phenolphthalein as an indicator: make titrations at 



20 



same tim6 from blank. The difference gives the amount of acid produced. 



The titrations should be done after boiling to drive off any CO2 present in the culture 



(7) Generic nomenclature shall begin with the year 1872 (Cohen's first important 

 paper). 



Species nomenclature shall begin with the year 1880 (Koch's discovery of the poured 

 plate method for the separation of organisms) . 



(8) Chromogenesis shall be recorded in standard color terms. 



