TUBERCULOSIS. 





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V 



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number and in their site is met with in tuberculosis of other 



animals. 



In dis- 

 charges from 

 tubercular le- 

 sions which 

 are breaking- 

 down, tuber- 

 cle bacilli are 

 usually to 

 be found. In 

 the sputum of 

 phthisical pa- 

 tients their 

 presence can 

 be demon- 

 strated almost 

 invariably at 

 some period, 

 and sometimes 

 their numbers 

 are very large 

 (for method of 



staining see p. 104). Several examinations may, however, require 



to be made ; this should always be done before any conclusion 



as to the non-tubercular nature 



of a case is come to. In cases 



of genito-urinary tuberculosis 



they are usually present in the 



urine ; but as they are much 



diluted it is difficult to find 



them unless a very complete 



formation of deposit is allowed 



to take place. This deposit is 



examined in the same way as 



the sputum. It is, however, 



much easier to obtain their sep- 

 aration by means of the Cen- Fig. 92. -Tubercle bacilli in urine; show- 



trifuo*e If this method is i",? one of the characteristic clumps, in which 



thev often occur. Stained with carbol-fuchsin 



employed, baCllh can usually and methylene-blue. X 1000. 



Fig. 91. — Tubercle bacilli in giant-cells, showing the radiate 

 arrangement at the periphery of the cells. Section of tubercular 

 udder of cow. Stained with carbol-fuchsin and Bismarck-brown. 

 X 1000. 



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