Street and Shade Trees. 19 



which is brilliant in autumn. The red flowers iu very early spring are 

 very attractive. It deserves more attention as a road tree, especially 

 in the lower places. Acer campestre, the European maple, is a desir- 

 able small tree for the middle latitudes. The Norway maple {A. 

 plj.tanoUies)is a low-headed very dense tree, which casts the deepest 

 shade of all the maples. As a lawn shade tree it is unexcelled, but 

 the head is too low for street planting. The sycamore maple {A. 

 Pseudo-plaianus) is a rather small tree, with dense, dark foliage, and is 

 useful for both lawns and streets. In the northern states it is often- 

 injured by the winters. There are a number of species and varieties 

 with ornamental foliage, which makes them very useful as single spe6- 

 imens. Most of these, however, are large shrubs or small trees. 

 Wier's cut-leaved silver maple is a form of Acer dasycarpum. The 

 Japan maples are large, handsome shrubs. Maples like a deep, 

 loamy, well-drained soil. 



Mountain ash is a pleasant tree of rapid growth, symmetrical form 

 and long, slender branches. The fruit is bright red, borne in bunches 

 and often hangs on until winter, giving the tree a very distinct and 

 handsome appearance. Borers are the great enemy and the tree is 

 not planted largely on this account. They can be dug out or killed by 

 thrusting a sharp wire into their burrows. The common mountain 

 ash is the European rowan {Pyrus Aucuparia), although it is often 

 sold for the American species. The American mountain ash, while 

 an excellent tree, is not so much sold by nurserymen as the other. 

 These trees are not ashes, but are closely related to apples and pears. 

 They are useful for lawn shade trees and bowers. The mountain ash 

 grows well in any good soil. 



Mulberries of various kinds are useful for shade, especially the com- 

 mon large half- wild forms of the white mulberry {Morus alba). This 

 species attains to a large size, often nearly or quite two feet in dia- 

 meter and resembles a much exaggerated high old apple tree. The 

 leaves are glossy and attractive. The fruit varies from almost white 

 to violet and purple-black, and is much sought by poultry and birds. ■ 

 The Russian mulberry is a form of this species. It is usually a low 

 tree or large shrub, very hardy, but valueless for fruit. The true 

 black mulberry ( M. nigra ) is very little known in America, and is 

 not hardy in the northernmost states. The native or red mulberry 



