ANNULATA. 177 
Laboratory Work.—Worms should be dissected at once after be- 
ing killed by ether or in aicohol, before the circulation has ceased ; 
and transverse sections made to observe the relation of the appendages 
to the body-walls, and of the different systems within the body-walls. 
The worms should also be hardened in alcohol, and thin sections 
stained with carmine be made for histological study. A portion of the 
worm can be put in paraffine and sliced by hand with the razor or by 
the microtome. 
LITERATURE, 
Platyhelminthes and Parasitic Worms.—Van Beneden’s Animal Para- 
sites and Messmates, 1876. Leuckart’s Human Parasites. Works of 
Rudolphi, Diesing, Van Beneden, Kuchenmeister, Siebold, Graff, 
Lang, Kennel, Thomas, Sommer, Linton, etc. 
Nematoda.—Works of Schneider, Meissner, Bastian, Bitschli, 
Fedschenko, etc. For Trichina, the treatises of Leidy, Leuckart, Zen- 
ker, Virchow, Pagenstecher, etc. 
Gordiacea. Works of Villot (Ann. Sc. Nat.), Vejdovsky (Zeits. 
f. w. Zoo)., 1866 and 1888). 
Acanthocephala.—Works of Greef, Schneider, Andres, Baltzer, 
Safftigen. 
Rotatoria.—Works of Ehrenberg, Leydig, Cohn, Hudson, Gosse, 
Salensky, etc. 
Polyzoa. Works of Allman, Hinks, Smitt, Nitsche, Salensky, Sars, 
Hyatt, Barrois, ete. 
Brachiopoda.—A. Hancock: On the Organization of the Brachi- 
opoda (Phil. Trans., 1858). &. S. Morse: On the Systematic Position 
of the Brachiopoda (Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., xv. 1878). With 
the essays of Brooks, Lacaze-Duthiers, Kowalevsky, Beyer, Dall, 
Davidson, etc. 
Nemertina.—Essays of De Quatrefages, McIntosh, Hubrecht, etc. 
Gephyrea.—Writings of Grube, Lacaze-Duthiers, Keferstein, Hat- 
schek, Selenka, etc. 
Annulata.—Darwin: Formation of Vegetable Mould through the 
Action of Worms. Anatomy of the Earth-worm in Sedgwick and 
Wilson’s Biology, chapters 7-10. Wilson’s Embryology of the Harth- 
worm, 1889. Anatomy of Polygordius in Parker's Biology, Lessons 
25-26, based on Fraipont’s monograph in Fauna und Flora des Golfes 
von Neapel, xiv. 1887. Hisig : Die Capitelliden des Golfes von Neapel 
(ibid., xvi. 1887). Ehlers: Report on the Annelids of Florida (Mem. 
Mus. Comp. Zoology, xv. 1887). With the works of Clapardde, 
Ehlers, Semper, Meyer, A. Agassiz, Hatschek, Metschnikoff, Verrill, 
Wilson, Whitman, etc. 
