DIFFERENT FORMS OF STAR-FISHES. 197 
pentagonal, with five short arms. The fine large Solaster 
endeca Retzius has eleven smooth arms; it lives in deep 
water. Crossaster papposus (Miller and Troschel) is com- 
mon on a rocky bottom, in from twenty to eighty fathoms, 
from the Gulf of Maine northward ; it is bright red, and has 
thirteen to fourteen spinulated arms. Cridella sanguin- 
olenta Liitken is a common species on the coast of New 
" 
SKS 
BESSLEE 
Fig.140.—Archaster vexillifer, under side ; natural size.—After Wyville-Thompson. 
England below low-water mark, and is in some respects like 
Crossaster. 
More closely allied to Asterias is the Pacific Coast Pyeno- 
podia helianthovdes Stimpson, which ranges from Sitka to 
Mendocino, Cal. It is very common in Puget Sound, under 
wharves. Asterias vulgaris Stimpson represents, on the 
northeastern coast, the A. rubens of Europe. Asterias 
polaris (M. and 'T.) has six arms, and is over twelve inches 
